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The Orang Asli makes up one of 95 subgroups of indigenous people of Malaysia, the Orang Asal, each with their own distinct language and culture. [12] The British colonial government classified the indigenous population of the Malay Peninsula on physiological and cultural-economic grounds upon which the Aboriginal Department (responsible for dealing with Orang Asli issues since the British ...
For information on the indigenous peoples of Malaysia, please see: Orang Asal, a general term for Indigenous peoples;
Orang Asal is an overarching term, encompassing all indigenous people on both Peninsula and East Malaysia. [ 1 ] Those on the Peninsula are known more specifically as the Orang Asli ; they number around 149,500 [ 1 ] and make up only 0.7% of the total Malaysian population.
Malaysia is a federation of 13 states and three federal territories. [100] Out of these, eleven states and two federal territories are in Peninsular Malaysia, whereas the other two states and one federal territory comprise East Malaysia. The country has three tiers of government – federal, state and local. [101]
The indigenous tribes are the oldest inhabitants of Malaysia, and the indigenous groups of Peninsular Malaysia are known collectively as Orang Asli and in East Malaysia as "Orang Asal". They account for about 11 percent of the nation's population, and represent a majority in East Malaysia of Sabah and Sarawak .
The Orang Asli are theoretically classified as Bumiputras, [4] a status signifying indigenity to Malaysia which carries certain social, economic, and political rights, along with the Malays and the natives of Sabah and Sarawak. However, this status is generally not mentioned in the constitution.
Being indigenous to Sabah and a part of Malaysia, Kadazans are conferred the same political, educational and economic rights as the predominant Malay population of Malaysia. The term ascribed to this is Bumiputra (from Sanskrit Bhumiputra ), a Malay word, which is translated to 'Sons of the Land'.
A Senoi woman, 1899. The Malaysian government classifies the indigenous people of Peninsular Malaysia as Orang Asli (meaning "indigenous peoples" in Malay).There are 18 officially recognized tribes under the auspices of the Department of Aboriginal Affairs (Jabatan Kemajuan Orang Asli, JAKOA).