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IPS (in-plane switching) is a screen technology for liquid-crystal displays (LCDs). In IPS, a layer of liquid crystals is sandwiched between two glass surfaces.The liquid crystal molecules are aligned parallel to those surfaces in predetermined directions (in-plane).
It was the first intelligent LED display, making it a revolution in digital display technology, replacing the Nixie tube and becoming the basis for later LED displays. [ 2 ] In the early 21st century, display driver chips are widely used for mobile displays in smartphones and other smart devices as well as larger flat-panel displays .
Various computer display standards or display modes have been used in the history of the personal computer. They are often a combination of aspect ratio (specified as width-to-height ratio), display resolution (specified as the width and height in pixels ), color depth (measured in bits per pixel), and refresh rate (expressed in hertz ).
Detail view of an LED display with a matrix of red, green and blue diodes The 1,500-foot (460 m) long LED display on the Fremont Street Experience in Downtown Las Vegas, Nevada, is currently the largest in the world. A LED display is a flat panel display that uses an array of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as pixels for a video display.
A bright dot defect or hot pixel is a group of three sub-pixels (one pixel) all of whose transistors are "off" for TN panels or stuck "on" for MVA and PVA panels. [2] This allows all light to pass through to the RGB layer, creating a bright pixel that is always on.
IPS-Pro: Panasonic: Solely for LCD TV markets and known as IPS Alpha Technology Ltd. [26] Panasonic, Hitachi, Toshiba H-IPS & P-IPS: LG Display: They also produce other type of TFT panels such as TN for OEM markets such as mobile, monitor, automotive, portable AV and industrial panels. LG, Philips, BenQ S-IPS: Hannstar: Chunghwa Picture Tubes ...
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The introduction of TN-effect displays led to their rapid expansion in the display field, quickly pushing out other common technologies like monolithic LEDs and CRTs for most electronics. By the 1990s, TN-effect LCDs were largely universal in portable electronics, although since then, many applications of LCDs adopted alternatives to the TN ...