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A DDS function generator. Direct digital synthesis ( DDS ) is a method employed by frequency synthesizers used for creating arbitrary waveforms from a single, fixed-frequency reference clock. DDS is used in applications such as signal generation , local oscillators in communication systems, function generators , mixers, modulators , [ 1 ] sound ...
A completely different approach to function generation is to use software instructions to generate a waveform, with provision for output. For example, a general-purpose digital computer can be used to generate the waveform; if frequency range and amplitude are acceptable, the sound card fitted to most computers can be used to output the generated wave.
Generalized pencil-of-function method (GPOF), also known as matrix pencil method, is a signal processing technique for estimating a signal or extracting information with complex exponentials. Being similar to Prony and original pencil-of-function methods, it is generally preferred to those for its robustness and computational efficiency.
Since any signal vector that resides in the signal subspace must be orthogonal to the noise subspace, , it must be that for all the eigenvectors {} = + that spans the noise subspace. In order to measure the degree of orthogonality of e {\displaystyle \mathbf {e} } with respect to all the v i ∈ U N {\displaystyle \mathbf {v} _{i}\in {\mathcal ...
A long list of noise measures have been defined to measure noise in signal processing: in absolute terms, relative to some standard noise level, or relative to the desired signal level. They include: Dynamic range, often defined by inherent noise level; Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), ratio of noise power to signal power
Simulation noise is a function that creates a divergence-free vector field. This signal can be used in artistic simulations for the purpose of increasing the perception of extra detail. The function can be calculated in three dimensions by dividing the space into a regular lattice grid.
Colored noise can be computer-generated by first generating a white noise signal, Fourier-transforming it, then multiplying the amplitudes of the different frequency components with a frequency-dependent function. [26] Matlab programs are available to generate power-law colored noise in one or any number of dimensions.
Worley noise, also called Voronoi noise and cellular noise, is a noise function introduced by Steven Worley in 1996. Worley noise is an extension of the Voronoi diagram that outputs a real value at a given coordinate that corresponds to the Distance of the nth nearest seed (usually n=1) and the seeds are distributed evenly through the region.