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Solar road stud. Solar road studs are flashing solar cell powered LED low-maintenance lighting devices that delineate road edges and centrelines. Embedded in the road surface, they are an electronic improvement on the traditional cat's eyes [1] and raised pavement marker in that they may give drivers a larger reaction window.
The orange markers separate opposing traffic lanes. The blue marker denotes a fire hydrant on the left sidewalk. A raised pavement marker is a safety device used on roads. These devices are usually made with plastic, ceramic, thermoplastic paint, glass or occasionally metal, and come in a variety of shapes and colors.
The paint and tape markers can cause the road surface to crack, and in more severe cases, the markers contribute to road surface raveling [22] (a process in which the aggregate particles are dislodged from the road surface, causing the surface texture to become deeply pitted and very rough [23]) or potholes.
Utility repair tag (also known as A-tag, asphalt tag and road cut medallion) is a plastic color-coded pavement marker embedded in the top surface of an asphalt utility cut restoration to identify the responsible party of that pavement repair or patch. [1] [2] The tag is not to be used for identification of an underground utility location. [3]
In New Zealand, roads are generally marked with white reflective cat's eyes every 10-metres along the centreline, occasionally on high volume roads; both Botts' dots and cat's eyes are used (typically there is one cat's eye followed by three Botts' dots places in every ten-metre stretch of highway).
Most state-owned roads and many arterial roads in the state use Botts' dots as the delineation between lanes. They are also used for the dashed marking in passing areas. More recently, Botts' dots have been used in the snow-free areas of Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Nevada, Georgia, Washington, and Texas.
Traffic cones, also called pylons, witches' hats, [1] [2] road cones, highway cones, safety cones, caution cones, channelizing devices, [3] construction cones, roadworks cones, or just cones, are usually cone-shaped markers that are placed on roads or footpaths to temporarily redirect traffic in a safe manner.
Since the late 1990s, the most common technology used in new installations for variable message signs are LED displays. In recent years, some newer LED variable message signs have the ability to display colored text and graphics. Dot-matrix variable message signs are divided into three subgroups: character matrix, row matrix, and full matrix.