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Placental abruption occurs in about 1 in 200 pregnancies. [5] Along with placenta previa and uterine rupture it is one of the most common causes of vaginal bleeding in the later part of pregnancy. [6] Placental abruption is the reason for about 15% of infant deaths around the time of birth. [2] The condition was described at least as early as ...
Besides placenta previa and placental abruption, uterine rupture can occur, which is a very serious condition leading to internal or external bleeding. Bleeding from the fetus is rare, but may occur with two conditions called vasa previa and velamentous umbilical cord insertion where the fetal blood vessels lie near the placental insertion site unprotected by Wharton's jelly of the cord. [11]
Rates of uterine rupture during vaginal birth following one previous C-section, done by the typical technique, are estimated at 0.9%. [1] Rates are greater among those who have had multiple prior C-sections or an atypical type of C-section. [1] In those who do have uterine scarring, the risk during a vaginal birth is about 1 per 12,000. [1]
Placental abruption involves the separation of the placental lining from the uterus of the mother. It occurs most commonly around 25 weeks of pregnancy . Uterine rupture is when the muscular wall of the uterus tears during childbirth or, less commonly, during pregnancy.
Couvelaire uterus (also known as uteroplacental apoplexy) [1] is a rare but not a life-threatening condition in which loosening of the placenta (abruptio placentae) causes bleeding that penetrates into the uterine myometrium forcing its way into the peritoneal cavity. This condition makes the uterus very tense and rigid.
The bleeding may be due to placental abruption, uterine rupture, placenta accrete, undiagnosed placenta previa, or vasa previa. [3] Cesarean section is indicated. Post-partum hemorrhage is defined by the loss of at least 1,000 mL of blood accompanied with symptoms of hypovolemia within 24 hours after delivery.
Types 3 and 4 are referred to as major placental praevia due to the risk of heavy haemorrhaging in the case of a rupture due to the location of placental attachment. [7] During the third trimester of pregnancy, thinning of the lower uterine segment or contractions caused by cervical dilation can increase the amount of stress placed on the ...
Placental abruption is where the placenta detaches from the uterus and the woman and foetus can bleed to death if not managed appropriately. [65] Foetal distress where the foetus is getting compromised in the uterine environment. [66] Shoulder dystocia where one of the foetus' shoulders becomes stuck during vaginal birth. There are many risk ...