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Transeverse uterine rupture. Uterine rupture is when the muscular wall of the uterus tears during pregnancy or childbirth. [3] Symptoms, while classically including increased pain, vaginal bleeding, or a change in contractions, are not always present. [1] [2] Disability or death of the mother or baby may result. [1] [3]
A uterine rupture is a serious event during childbirth by which the integrity of the myometrial wall is breached. In an incomplete rupture, the peritoneum is still intact. With a complete rupture, the contents of the uterus may spill into the peritoneal cavity or the broad ligament .
Other measures include: keeping the women hydrated and antibiotics if the membranes have been ruptured for more than 18 hours. [4] In Africa and Asia obstructed labor affects between two and five percent of deliveries. [8] In 2015 about 6.5 million cases of obstructed labour or uterine rupture occurred. [5]
Besides placenta previa and placental abruption, uterine rupture can occur, which is a very serious condition leading to internal or external bleeding. Bleeding from the fetus is rare, but may occur with two conditions called vasa previa and velamentous umbilical cord insertion where the fetal blood vessels lie near the placental insertion site unprotected by Wharton's jelly of the cord. [11]
The causes of postpartum haemorrhage can be separated into four main categories: Tone, Trauma, Tissue, and Thrombin. Tone represents uterine atony, the failure of the uterus to contract adequately following delivery. Trauma includes lacerations or uterine rupture. Tissue includes conditions that can lead to a retained placenta.
Gross pathology of a uterus which has been opened to show a placental abruption, with a hematoma separating the placenta from the uterus. In the vast majority of cases, placental abruption is caused by the maternal vessels tearing away from the decidua basalis, not the fetal vessels. The underlying cause is often unknown.
“These cramps are usually felt in the lower pelvis, vagina, or even rectal area,” explains Alyssa Dweck, M.D., OB-GYN, author of The Complete A to Z for Your V, and sexual reproductive health ...
A caesarean section leaves a scar in the wall of the uterus which is considered weaker than the normal uterine wall. A VBAC carries a risk of uterine rupture of 22–74/10,000. Slightly lower risk of uterine rupture in women undergoing ERCS (i.e. a section before the onset of labour). [1]