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Hokkien is reportedly the native language of up to 80% of the ethnic Chinese people in the Philippines, among which is known locally as Lán-nâng-uē ("Our people's speech"). Hokkien speakers form the largest group of overseas Chinese in Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines. [citation needed]
Pe̍h-ōe-jī (白話字) is a Latin alphabet developed by Western missionaries working in Southeast Asia in the 19th century to write Hokkien. Pe̍h-ōe-jī allows Hokkien to be written phonetically in Latin script, meaning that phrases specific to Hokkien can be written without having to deal with the issue of non-existent Chinese characters.
The Zhangzhou dialects are classified as Hokkien, a group of Southern Min varieties. [6] In Fujian, the Zhangzhou dialects form the southern subgroup (南片) of Southern Min. [7] The dialect of urban Zhangzhou is one of the oldest dialects of Southern Min, and along with the urban Quanzhou dialect, it forms the basis for all modern varieties. [8]
The Longyan dialect (simplified Chinese: 龙岩话; traditional Chinese: 龍巖話; pinyin: Lóngyánhuà), also known as Longyan Minnan (simplified Chinese: 龙岩闽南语; traditional Chinese: 龍巖閩南語; pinyin: Lóngyán Mǐnnányǔ) or Liong 11 l ã 11 guɛ 334, is a dialect of Hokkien spoken in the urban city area of Eastern Longyan in the province of Fujian, China, while Hakka is ...
The Hokkien language uses a broad array of honorific suffixes or prefixes for addressing or referring to people. Most are suffixes. Honorifics are often non-gender-neutral; some imply a feminine context (such as sió-chiá) while others imply a masculine one (such as sian-siⁿ), and still others imply both.
Hokkien has aspirated, unaspirated as well as voiced consonant initials.. A total of 15 initials (or 14, in dialects with /dz/ merged with /l/) are used in Hokkien. This number does not include the three nasal consonants ([m], [n], [ŋ]), which are usually considered allophones of the non-nasal voiced initials (e.g. 命; miā; 'life' is analyzed as /bĩã ⊇ /, but pronounced as [mĩã²²]).
Koa-á books (Hokkien: Koa-á-chheh; hàn-jī: 歌仔冊) is a form of vernacular literature of Hokkien language written in Chinese characters, and it is popular in the Taiwanese and Chinese societies where Hoklo people live. Written Hokkien in hàn-jī system are deeply influenced by koa-á characters
Pe̍h-ōe-jī (Taiwanese Hokkien: [pe˩ˀ o̯e̞˩ d͡ʑi˧] ⓘ, English approximation: / p eɪ w eɪ ˈ dʒ iː / pay-way-JEE; abbr. POJ; lit. ' vernacular writing '), sometimes known as Church Romanization, is an orthography used to write variants of Hokkien Southern Min, [2] particularly Taiwanese and Amoy Hokkien, and it is widely employed as one of the writing systems for Southern Min.
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