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In 2002 the definition was changed to: Essential medicines are those that satisfy the priority health care needs of the population. [10] This remains the definition as of 2019. [1] The use of essential medicines lists has resulted in better quality of care and improved management of health resources in the most cost-effective manner.
The United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is a cabinet-level executive branch department of the U.S. federal government created to protect the health of the U.S. people and providing essential human services.
The government-sponsored program provides a specified list of essential drugs to primary care clinics in low-income neighbourhoods. Similarly, Brazil provides drugs for HIV/AIDS free to all citizens as a deliberate public health policy choice. Eligibility policy also focuses on cost-sharing between a plan and the beneficiary (the insured person).
The mission of the Department of Essential Drugs and Medicines of the World Health Organization is "to help save lives and improve health by closing the huge gap between the potential that essential drugs have to offer and the reality that for millions of people – particularly the poor and disadvantaged – medicines are unavailable, unaffordable, unsafe or improperly used."
The selection and use of essential medicines: report of the WHO Expert Committee on Selection and Use of Essential Medicines, 2019 (including the 21st WHO Model List of Essential Medicines and the 7th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children). Geneva: World Health Organization. 2019. hdl: 10665/330668. ISBN 978-92-4-121030-0.
88 countries had introduced the essential drug concept into medical and pharmacy curricula. Bangladesh is a least developed country which has confirmed and reiterated that it is within the capabilities countries with limited resources to successfully introduce an integrated national pharmaceutical policy.
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Provincial and territorial government provide partial prescription drug coverage and the overall drug payment is a mix of public taxation, private insurance and out-of-pocket expenses. [ 4 ] [ 6 ] Insurance coverage differs regionally, although each public drug coverage plan must meet standards set by the federal government. [ 6 ]