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  2. Work-up - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work-up

    The product is isolated from the mixture by the following work-up: [3] Synthesis of 4-methylcyclohexene with work-up step in red. A concentrated solution of sodium chloride in water, known as a brine solution, is added to the mixture and the layers are allowed to separate. The brine is used to remove any acid or water from the organic layer.

  3. Aerobic digestion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerobic_digestion

    Aerobic digestion is a process in sewage treatment designed to reduce the volume of sewage sludge and make it suitable [1] for subsequent use. [2] More recently, technology has been developed that allows the treatment and reduction of other [3] organic waste, such as food, cardboard and horticultural waste. It is a bacterial process occurring ...

  4. Organosolv - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organosolv

    Organic solvents are almost always used as a mixture with water for process considerations such as reducing the vapour pressure and lowering the pH in order to also solubilise hemicellulose. Only some small organosolv pulp mills are run today for production of pulp from annual renewable non wood fibre sources like straw, bagasse, etc. [ 8 ]

  5. Primary production - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_production

    In ecology, primary production is the synthesis of organic compounds from atmospheric or aqueous carbon dioxide. It principally occurs through the process of photosynthesis , which uses light as its source of energy, but it also occurs through chemosynthesis , which uses the oxidation or reduction of inorganic chemical compounds as its source ...

  6. Ecosystem respiration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem_respiration

    Ecosystem respiration is the production portion of carbon dioxide in an ecosystem's carbon flux, while photosynthesis typically accounts for the majority of the ecosystem's carbon consumption. [3] Carbon is cycled throughout the ecosystem as various factors continue to uptake or release the carbon in different circumstances.

  7. Acid–base extraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid–base_extraction

    The organic solvent used must be water-insoluble to observe phase separation and perform an acid-base extraction. [9] Three layers form in the separatory funnel. Often this is a result of insufficient mixing, and light stirring will solve the issue. [9] The boundary between the organic layer and aqueous layer is not observed.

  8. Ammonia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonia

    The Haber process, [146] also called the Haber–Bosch process, is the main industrial procedure for the production of ammonia. [ 147 ] [ 148 ] It converts atmospheric nitrogen (N 2 ) to ammonia (NH 3 ) by a reaction with hydrogen (H 2 ) using finely divided iron metal as a catalyst:

  9. Organic matter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_matter

    Organic matter, organic material, or natural organic matter refers to the large source of carbon-based compounds found within natural and engineered, terrestrial, and aquatic environments. It is matter composed of organic compounds that have come from the feces and remains of organisms such as plants and animals . [ 1 ]