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  2. Thévenin's theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thévenin's_theorem

    The equivalent voltage V th is the voltage obtained at terminals A–B of the network with terminals A–B open circuited. The equivalent resistance R th is the resistance that the circuit between terminals A and B would have if all ideal voltage sources in the circuit were replaced by a short circuit and all ideal current sources were replaced ...

  3. Norton's theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norton's_theorem

    To find the Norton equivalent of a linear time-invariant circuit, the Norton current I no is calculated as the current flowing at the two terminals A and B of the original circuit that is now short (zero impedance between the terminals). The Norton resistance R no is found by calculating the output voltage V o produced at A and B with no ...

  4. Equivalent impedance transforms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalent_impedance...

    An equivalent impedance is an equivalent circuit of an electrical network of impedance elements [note 2] which presents the same impedance between all pairs of terminals [note 10] as did the given network. This article describes mathematical transformations between some passive, linear impedance networks commonly found in electronic circuits.

  5. Network analysis (electrical circuits) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_analysis...

    A resistance equal to the slope of the v/i curve at the operating point (called the dynamic resistance), and tangent to the curve. A generator, because this tangent will not, in general, pass through the origin. With more terminals, more complicated equivalent circuits are required.

  6. Impedance parameters - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impedance_parameters

    The equivalent circuit for Z-parameters of a two-port network. The equivalent circuit for Z-parameters of a reciprocal two-port network. The Z-parameter matrix for the two-port network is probably the most common. In this case the relationship between the port currents, port voltages and the Z-parameter matrix is given by:

  7. Resistance distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistance_distance

    In graph theory, the resistance distance between two vertices of a simple, connected graph, G, is equal to the resistance between two equivalent points on an electrical network, constructed so as to correspond to G, with each edge being replaced by a resistance of one ohm. It is a metric on graphs.

  8. Bridge circuit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_circuit

    The best-known bridge circuit, the Wheatstone bridge, was invented by Samuel Hunter Christie and popularized by Charles Wheatstone, and is used for measuring resistance. It is constructed from four resistors, two of known values R 1 and R 3 (see diagram), one whose resistance is to be determined R x, and one which is variable and calibrated R 2.

  9. Electrical resistivity and conductivity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistivity_and...

    [1] [2] [3] For example, if a 1 m 3 solid cube of material has sheet contacts on two opposite faces, and the resistance between these contacts is 1 Ω, then the resistivity of the material is 1 Ω⋅m. Electrical conductivity (or specific conductance) is the reciprocal of electrical resistivity. It represents a material's ability to conduct ...