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Liquid hydrogen (H 2 (l)) is the liquid state of the element hydrogen. Hydrogen is found naturally in the molecular H 2 form. [4] To exist as a liquid, H 2 must be cooled below its critical point of 33 K. However, for it to be in a fully liquid state at atmospheric pressure, H 2 needs to be cooled to 20.28 K (−252.87 °C; −423.17 °F). [5]
Many gases can be put into a liquid state at normal atmospheric pressure by simple cooling; a few, such as carbon dioxide, require pressurization as well. Liquefaction is used for analyzing the fundamental properties of gas molecules (intermolecular forces), or for the storage of gases, for example: LPG, and in refrigeration and air conditioning.
Gallane liquid decomposes at 0 °C. Nitroxyl and diazene are simple nitrogen compounds known to be gases but they are too unstable and short lived to be condensed. Methanetellurol CH 3 TeH 25284-83-7 unstable at room temperature. [154] Sulfur pentafluoride isocyanide isomerises to sulfur pentafluoride cyanide. [155]
The heating value depends on the source of gas that is used and the process that is used to liquefy the gas. The range of heating value can span ±10 to 15 percent. A typical value of the higher heating value of LNG is approximately 50 MJ/kg or 21,500 BTU/lb. [2] A typical value of the lower heating value of LNG is 45 MJ/kg or 19,350 BTU/lb.
The ideal gas equation can be rearranged to give an expression for the molar volume of an ideal gas: = = Hence, for a given temperature and pressure, the molar volume is the same for all ideal gases and is based on the gas constant: R = 8.314 462 618 153 24 m 3 ⋅Pa⋅K −1 ⋅mol −1, or about 8.205 736 608 095 96 × 10 −5 m 3 ⋅atm⋅K ...
Liquefied petroleum gas, also referred to as liquid petroleum gas (LPG or LP gas), is a fuel gas which contains a flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases, specifically propane, n-butane and isobutane. It can sometimes contain some propylene , butylene , and isobutene .
The mass is normally measured with a scale or balance; the volume may be measured directly (from the geometry of the object) or by the displacement of a fluid. To determine the density of a liquid or a gas, a hydrometer, a dasymeter or a Coriolis flow meter may be used, respectively.
A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a nearly constant volume independent of pressure. It is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, gas, and plasma), and is the only state with a definite volume but no fixed shape.