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Scleritis is a serious inflammatory disease that affects the white outer coating of the eye, known as the sclera. The disease is often contracted through association with other diseases of the body, such as granulomatosis with polyangiitis or rheumatoid arthritis .
Episcleritis of a 40 year old female. Symptoms of episcleritis typically include painless redness of the eye (mild pain is possible but atypical), and watery eyes. [2] The pain of episcleritis is typically mild, less severe than in scleritis, [3] and may be tender to palpation.
[7] [14] Inflammation of the outer layers of the eye (scleritis and episcleritis [15] [16]) and conjunctivitis are the most common signs of GPA in the eye; involvement of the eyes is common and occurs in slightly more than half of people with the disease. [6] Kidney: rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (75%), leading to chronic kidney disease
Babies, pregnant women, older individuals and those with underlying medical conditions face additional risks of severe illness. Patients and families should have a plan.
Inflammatory arthritis can sometimes cause symptoms in parts of the body other than the joints, like the eyes, heart, or lungs. As arthritis progresses, joint damage can get worse.
[3] [6] [4] [8] [9] The most common forms of ocular involvement are usually mild and often consist of unilateral or bilateral episcleritis and/or scleritis, that is often anterior and could be lingering or relapsing. [3] [4] Scleritis that is necrotizing is found to be exceedingly rare. [3] Less often, conjunctivitis occurs.
scleritis [13] – a serious inflammatory condition, often painful, that can result in permanent vision loss, and without an identifiable cause in half of those presenting with it. About 30–40% have an underlying systemic autoimmune condition.
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