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The division of cells within cartilage occurs very slowly, and thus growth in cartilage is usually not based on an increase in size or mass of the cartilage itself. [6] It has been identified that non-coding RNAs (e.g. miRNAs and long non-coding RNAs) as the most important epigenetic modulators can affect the chondrogenesis.
Cartilaginous joints are connected entirely by cartilage (fibrocartilage or hyaline). [1] Cartilaginous joints allow more movement between bones than a fibrous joint but less than the highly mobile synovial joint. Cartilaginous joints also forms the growth regions of immature long bones and the intervertebral discs of the spinal column.
Cartilage is a thin, elastic tissue that protects the bone and makes certain that the joint surfaces can slide easily over each other. Cartilage ensures supple knee movement. There are two types of joint cartilage in the knees: fibrous cartilage (the meniscus) and hyaline cartilage. Fibrous cartilage has tensile strength and can resist pressure.
Being overweight can play a significant role in cartilage wearing down as well. "Every pound that we put on equates to an additional five to seven pounds of pressure on our knees," Anastasi explains.
Hyaline cartilage provides form and flexibility within a specific structure. The superior portion of the lateral nasal cartilage fuses with the septum to provide support within the nasal cavities. With a collapse of the lateral nasal cartilage, the inner nasal valve could become obstructed and prevent the movement of airflow throughout. [6]
Cartilage is progressively eroded and replaced by hardened bone, extending towards the epiphysis. A perichondrium layer surrounding the cartilage forms the periosteum, which generates osteogenic cells that then go on to make a collar that encircles the outside of the bone and remodels the medullary cavity on the inside.
Articular cartilage damage in the knee may be found on its own but it will more often be found in conjunction with injuries to ligaments and menisci. People with previous surgical interventions face more chances of articular cartilage damage due to altered mechanics of the joint. Articular cartilage damage may also be found in the shoulder ...
Hyaline cartilage is the glass-like and translucent cartilage found on many joint surfaces. It is also most commonly found in the ribs , nose, larynx , and trachea . [ 1 ] Hyaline cartilage is pearl-gray in color, with a firm consistency and has a considerable amount of collagen.