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  2. Voltage spike - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_spike

    However some voltage spikes may be created by current sources. Voltage would increase as necessary so that a constant current will flow. Current from a discharging inductor is one example. For sensitive electronics, excessive current can flow if this voltage spike exceeds a material's breakdown voltage, or if it causes avalanche breakdown.

  3. Wait state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wait_state

    Even memory, the fastest of these, cannot supply data as fast as the CPU could process it. In an example from 2011, typical PC processors like the Intel Core 2 and the AMD Athlon 64 X2 run with a clock of several GHz , which means that one clock cycle is less than 1 nanosecond (typically about 0.3 ns to 0.5 ns on modern desktop CPUs), while ...

  4. Load (computing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load_(computing)

    The reason CPU queue length did better is probably because when a host is heavily loaded, its CPU utilization is likely to be close to 100%, and it is unable to reflect the exact load level of the utilization. In contrast, CPU queue lengths can directly reflect the amount of load on a CPU.

  5. Amdahl's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amdahl's_law

    Amdahl's Law demonstrates the theoretical maximum speedup of an overall system and the concept of diminishing returns. Plotted here is logarithmic parallelization vs linear speedup.

  6. Moore's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore's_law

    A 1982 Osborne Executive portable computer, with a 4 MHz 8-bit Zilog Z80 CPU, and a 2007 Apple iPhone with a 412 MHz 32-bit ARM11 CPU; the Executive has 100 times the weight, almost 500 times the volume, approximately 10 times the inflation-adjusted cost, and 1/100th the clock frequency of the smartphone.

  7. Packet loss - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_loss

    Network congestion is a cause of packet loss that can affect all types of networks. When content arrives for a sustained period at a given router or network segment at a rate greater than it is possible to send through, there is no other option than to drop packets.

  8. 2020–2023 global chip shortage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020–2023_global_chip...

    Between 2020 and 2023, there was a worldwide chip shortage affecting more than 169 industries, [1] which led to major price increases, long queues, and reselling among consumers and manufacturers for automobiles, graphics cards, video game consoles, computers, household appliances, and other consumer electronics that require integrated circuits (commonly called "chips").

  9. Glossary of video game terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_video_game_terms

    CPU 1. Central processing unit; the part of the computer or video game which executes the games' program. 2. A personal computer. 3. A non-player character controlled by the game software using artificial intelligence, usually serving as an opponent to the player or players. CPU versus CPU See zero-player game. cracked 1.