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Evidence suggests that codices and other classic texts were written by scribes—usually members of the Maya priesthood—in Classic Maya, a literary form of the extinct Chʼoltiʼ language. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It is possible that the Maya elite spoke this language as a lingua franca over the entire Maya-speaking area, but texts were also written in ...
Zapotec scribes were conflated with artists and were often called huezeequichi, meaning 'an artist on paper'. [4] This suggests that writing may have developed out of an older artistic tradition, in which abstract concepts were represented with symbols, which later more concretely came to represent spoken language.
Such codices were the primary written records of Maya civilization, together with the many inscriptions on stone monuments and stelae that survived. Their range of subject matter in all likelihood embraced more topics than those recorded in stone and buildings, and was more like what is found on painted ceramics (the so-called 'ceramic codex').
Maya scribes were called aj tzʼib, meaning "one who writes or paints". [301] There were probably scribal schools where members of the aristocracy were taught to write. [ 302 ] Scribal activity is identifiable in the archaeological record; Jasaw Chan Kʼawiil I, king of Tikal, was interred with his paint pot.
At the time of Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, when news arrived that the Aztecs were defeated by the Spaniards, King Cosijoeza ordered his people not to confront the Spaniards so they would avoid the same fate. The Zapotec sent a delegation to seek an alliance with the Spaniards.
The flag was designed by Ángel Camblor, a captain of the Uruguayan Army. He was the winner of a contest organized by Juana de Ibarbourou in 1932. The flag was first raised in Montevideo, at the Independence Square, on 12 October 1932. The flag was formerly known as "Flag of the Hispanic race" (Spanish: Bandera de la raza hispánica).
Royal Standard or Royal Flag of the House of Bourbon. The banner includes the collar of the Spanish Order of the Golden Fleece and the blue ribbon of the Bourbon French Order of the Holy Spirit. 1761–1838 Royal Standard or Royal Flag of the House of Bourbon. 1838–1868 1875–1931 Royal Standard or Royal Flag of the House of Bourbon. 1975/ ...
Olmec hieroglyphs are a set of glyphs developed within the Olmec culture. The Olmecs were the earliest known major Mesoamerican civilization, flourishing during the formative period (1500–400 BCE) in the tropical lowlands of the modern-day Mexican states of Veracruz and Tabasco . [ 1 ]