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At the age of 54, Mikhail Gorbachev was elected to the general secretariat by Politburo on 11 March 1985. [29] In May 1985, Gorbachev publicly admitted the slowing down of the economic development and inadequate living standards, being the first Soviet leader to do so while also beginning a series of fundamental reforms.
Gorbachev at the Brandenburg Gate in April 1986 Gorbachev addressing UN General Assembly session, 1988 Ronald and Nancy Reagan, as well as the Gorbachevs in the Cross Hall of the White House before a state dinner, 8 December 1987. This is a list of international trips made by Mikhail Gorbachev as the eighth and last leader of the Soviet Union.
In his relations with the developing world, Gorbachev found many of its leaders professing revolutionary socialist credentials or a pro-Soviet attitude—such as Libya's Muammar Gaddafi and Syria's Hafez al-Assad—frustrating, and his best personal relationship was instead with India's prime minister, Rajiv Gandhi. [100]
The coup leaders demanded that Gorbachev formally declare a state of emergency in the country, but he refused. [412] Gorbachev and his family were kept under house arrest in their dacha. [413] The coup plotters publicly announced that Gorbachev was ill and thus Vice President Yanayev would take charge of the country. [414]
On 14 November in Novo-Ogaryovo, Mikhail Gorbachev and the heads of the seven union republics pre-agreed to sign a treaty on the creation of a political union called the Union of Sovereign States, which would have no constitution but would remain a subject of international law as the Soviet Union had been. The Treaty would complement the ...
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Mikhail Gorbachev, the final leader of the Soviet Union and a reformer who helped end the Cold War and lead his country from communism to capitalism, died Tuesday.
According to White House experts Philip Zelikow and Condoleezza Rice, Gorbachev looked to Communist leaders in Eastern Europe to follow his example of perestroika and glasnost. They argue: Gorbachev himself had no particular sympathy for Erich Honecker, chairman of the East German Communist Party, and his hard-line comrades and the government.