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The Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic (Estonian SSR), [b] Soviet Estonia, or simply Estonia, was a union republic of the Soviet Union (USSR), [1][2] covering the occupied and annexed territory of Estonia in 1940–1941 and 1944–1991. The Estonian SSR was nominally established to replace the until then independent Republic of Estonia on 21 ...
The three Baltic states – Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania – were re-occupied in 1944–1945 by the Soviet Union (USSR) following the German occupation. The Baltic states regained independence in 1990–1991. In 1944–1945, World War II and the occupation by Nazi Germany ended. Then, re-occupation and annexation by the Soviet Union occurred ...
Pre-independence Estonia, before 1918. Before becoming a modern nation state, Estonia was part of the Danish, Swedish, and Russian Empires. The Duchy of Estonia was a direct dominion of the King of Denmark from 1219 until 1346. After the Saint George's Night Uprising, the Danes sold the territory to the Teutonic Order and it became part of the ...
23 August – Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact was signed, promising mutual non-aggression between Germany and the Soviet Union and agreeing to a division of much of Europe between those two countries. 28 September – Soviet Union coerces Estonia to sign Soviet–Estonian Mutual Assistance Treaty.
Fragments of the Wanradt–Koell Catechism (1535), the first book printed in Estonian. The history of Estonia forms a part of the history of Europe.Human settlement in what is now Estonia became possible 13,000–11,000 years ago, after the ice from the last glacial era had melted, and signs of the first permanent population in the region date from around 9000 BCE.
The war ended in 1920 with Estonia's victory over Soviet Russia (Russian SFSR). The Treaty of Tartu was a peace treaty between Estonia and Russian SFSR signed on 2 February 1920 that ended the Estonian War of Independence. According to the treaty, Soviet Russia recognized Estonia's sovereignty and renounced any and all territorial claims on ...
Sword Brothers, Letts and Livs invade Sakala and Ugandi in Southern Estonia, starting the Estonian Ancient Fight for Freedom (1208-1227). 1209. Sword Brothers and Letts attack Ugandi. [3] 1210. Estonians besiege the Cēsis stronghold in Latvia. Estonians defeat the Sword Brothers and Livs in the Battle of Ümera in Latvia.
Wartime collaboration occurred in every country occupied by Nazi Germany during the Second World War, including the Baltic states.The three Baltic republics of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, were occupied by the Soviet Union in the summer of 1940, and were later occupied by Germany in the summer of 1941 and then incorporated, together with parts of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic of ...