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In process improvement efforts, quality costs tite or cost of quality (sometimes abbreviated CoQ or COQ [1]) is a means to quantify the total cost of quality-related efforts and deficiencies. It was first described by Armand V. Feigenbaum in a 1956 Harvard Business Review article.
Cost of poor quality (COPQ) or poor quality costs (PQC) or cost of nonquality, are costs that would disappear if systems, processes, and products were perfect. COPQ was popularized by IBM quality expert H. James Harrington in his 1987 book Poor-Quality Cost. [1] COPQ is a refinement of the concept of quality costs.
The suite of documents associated with a particular version of the CMMI includes a requirements specification called the Appraisal Requirements for CMMI (ARC), [2] which specifies three levels of formality for appraisals: Class A, B, and C. Formal (Class A) SCAMPIs are conducted by SEI-authorized Lead Appraisers who use the SCAMPI A Method Definition Document (MDD) [3] to conduct the appraisals.
Zero Defects is a management tool aimed at the reduction of defects through prevention. It is directed at motivating people to prevent mistakes by developing a constant, conscious desire to do their job right the first time."
Failure analysis is the process of collecting and analyzing data to determine the cause of a failure, often with the goal of determining corrective actions or liability. According to Bloch and Geitner, ”machinery failures reveal a reaction chain of cause and effect… usually a deficiency commonly referred to as the symptom…”. [ 1 ]
While USPAP provides a minimum set of quality control standards for the conduct of appraisal in the U.S., it does not attempt to prescribe specific methods to be used. . Rather, USPAP simply requires that appraisers be familiar with and correctly utilize those methods which would be acceptable to other appraisers familiar with the assignment at hand and acceptable to the intended users of the app
Metallurgical failure analysis is the process to determine the mechanism that has caused a metal component to fail.It can identify the cause of failure, providing insight into the root cause and potential solutions to prevent similar failures in the future, as well as culpability, which is important in legal cases. [1]
Failure Reporting (FR). The failures and the faults related to a system, a piece of equipment, a piece of software or a process are formally reported through a standard form (Defect Report, Failure Report). Analysis (A). Perform analysis in order to identify the root cause of failure. Corrective Actions (CA).