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Pale ale is a golden to amber coloured beer style brewed with pale malt. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The term first appeared in England around 1703 for beers made from malts dried with high-carbon coke , which resulted in a lighter colour than other beers popular at that time.
A pale and well hopped style of beer was developed in Burton in parallel with the development of India Pale Ale elsewhere. Previously, Englishmen had drunk mainly dark stout and porter beers, but pale ale came to predominate. Burton came to dominate this trade, and at its height one quarter of all beer sold in Britain was produced here.
The term "bitter" has been used in England to describe pale ale since the early 19th century. Although brewers used the term "pale ale", before the introduction of pump clips, customers in pubs would ask for "bitter" to differentiate it from mild ale; by the end of the 19th century, brewers had begun to use the term as well.
A 1930s label for McEwan's IPA. India pale ale was well known as early as 1815, [28] but gained popularity in the British domestic market sometime before then. [28] [29] By World War I, IPA in Britain had diverged into two styles, the premium bottled IPAs of around 1.065 specific gravity and cask-conditioned draught IPAs which were among the weakest beers on the bar.
India pale ale, commonly shortened to IPA, is a hoppy pale ale which was originally shipped to colonial India. Its high hop content prevented spoilage during the long sea course from England to India. IPA is full bodied and hoppy, it is amber coloured and usually somewhat opaque. The ABV of IPA can fall within the range of 4.5–20%. [27]
In 1933, Kingsbury Pale and Kingsbury Ale began to be produced. [1] Kingsbury's franchise brand was known as the "Aristocrat of Beer" and "Fit for a King." Kingsbury's main offices remained in Manitowoc until 1963, when it merged with G. Heileman Brewing Company , which brewed and distributed Kingsbury label products until 1974.
The main brand was Bass Pale Ale, once the highest-selling beer in the UK. [3] By 1877, Bass had become the largest brewery in the world, with an annual output of one million barrels. [4] Its pale ale was exported throughout the British Empire, and the company's red triangle became the UK's first registered trade mark. [5]
Although American brewed beers tend to use a cleaner yeast, and American two row malt, it is particularly the American hops that distinguish an APA from British or European pale ales. [3] The style is close to the American India Pale Ale (IPA), and boundaries blur, [4] though IPAs are stronger and more assertively hopped. [5]