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Panchatantra: Smart, The Jackal Book 1: The Loss of Friends Translator: Arthur William Ryder The Panchatantra is a series of inter-woven fables, many of which deploy metaphors of anthropomorphized animals with human virtues and vices. Its narrative illustrates, for the benefit of three ignorant princes, the central Hindu principles of nīti. While nīti is hard to translate, it roughly means ...
Based on analysis of various Indian recensions and the geographical features and animals described in the stories, Kashmir [7] is suggested to be his birthplace by various scholars. He has also been associated with the University of Taxila. [8] The prelude narrates the story of how Vishnu Sharma supposedly created the Panchatantra.
The woman and the mongoose Panchatantra fable is engraved in many historic Hindu temples such as at the 8th-century Virupaksha temple at Pattadakal (the middle panel). [5] The original version from the Panchatantra in Sanskrit goes as follows (translation from Ryder 1925): The Loyal Mongoose [a]
Arthur W. Ryder. Arthur William Ryder (March 8, 1877 – March 21, 1938) [1] was a professor of Sanskrit at the University of California, Berkeley. He is best known for translating a number of Sanskrit works into English, including the Panchatantra and the Bhagavad Gita. In the words of G. R. Noyes, [2]
The stories and their order in Tantrakhyayika within Book 10 are consistent with the tales and arrangement of the Kalila wa Demna more than even the Panchatantra, and it would appear therefore that we have in the Kathasaritsagara an earlier representative of the original collection than even the Panchatantra, at least as it is now met with.
Kalīla wa-Dimna or Kelileh o Demneh (Arabic: كليلة ودمنة; Persian: کلیله و دمنه) is a collection of fables. The book consists of fifteen chapters containing many fables whose heroes are animals. A remarkable animal character is the lion, who plays the role of the king; he has a servant ox Shetrebah, while the two jackals of ...
The two other major recensions in Sanskrit are those by Śivadāsa and Jambhaladatta. The Vetala stories are popular in India and have been translated into many Indian vernaculars. [4] Several English translations exist, based on Sanskrit recensions and on Hindi, Tamil, Bengali, and Marathi versions. [5]
One of the earliest Sanskrit literatures to identify Chanakya with Vishnugupta explicitly was the Panchatantra. [22] [need quotation to verify] K. C. Ojha proposes that the traditional identification of Vishnugupta with Kauṭilya was caused by a confusion of the text's editor and its originator.