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In 1933 (based on work first published in 1910), John Dewey described five phases or aspects of reflective thought: In between, as states of thinking, are (1) suggestions, in which the mind leaps forward to a possible solution; (2) an intellectualization of the difficulty or perplexity that has been felt (directly experienced) into a problem to be solved, a question for which the answer must ...
John Dewey (/ ˈ d uː i /; October 20, 1859 – June 1, 1952) was an American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer.He was one of the most prominent American scholars in the first half of the twentieth century.
How We Think is a book written by the American educational philosopher John Dewey, published in 1910. [1] It was reissued in a substantially revised edition in 1933. [2] The original version has 14 chapters and opens with the words. No words are oftener on our lips than thinking and thought. So profuse and varied, indeed, is our use of these ...
Critical thinking is the process of analyzing available facts, evidence, observations, and arguments to make sound conclusions or informed choices. It involves recognizing underlying assumptions, providing justifications for ideas and actions, evaluating these justifications through comparisons with varying perspectives, and assessing their rationality and potential consequences. [1]
Reflective practice is the ability to reflect on one's actions so as to take a critical stance or attitude towards one's own practice and that of one's peers, engaging in a process of continuous adaptation and learning.
The methodologies reflected in experiential education have evolved since the time of Hahn and Dewey. For experiential education to be an effective pedagogy, physical experience must be combined with reflection. [19] Adding reflective practice, allows for consolidation of key learnings. [20]
Dewey's idea of influential education suggests that education must engage with and enlarge exploration of thinking and reflection associated with the role of educators. Contrary to this, Piaget argued that we learn by expanding our knowledge by experiences which are generated through play from infancy to adulthood which are necessary for learning.
The notion of critical understanding is closely related to the concept of Critical Thinking, described as, ‘reasonable reflective thinking focused on deciding what to believe or do.’ [7] Critical thinking has also been described as, ‘thinking about thinking’, [8] specifically in relation to John Dewey’s work on ‘the problem of training thought’. [9]