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Cyclists may be trained and assessed by exercise physiologists to optimize performance. [1] Exercise physiology is the physiology of physical exercise. It is one of the allied health professions, and involves the study of the acute responses and chronic adaptations to exercise. Exercise physiologists are the highest qualified exercise ...
Supercompensation describes the adaptation of muscles on a previous stimulus over time. [3] Long-term endurance training induces many physiological adaptations both centrally and peripherally mediated. [4] Central cardiovascular adaptations include decreased heart rate, increased stroke volume of the heart, increased cardiac output. [4]
Respiratory adaptation is the specific change that the respiratory system undergoes in response to the demands of physical exertion. Intense physical exertion, such as that involved in fitness training, places elevated demands on the respiratory system. Over time, this results in respiratory changes as the system adapts to these requirements. [1]
Summary of long-term adaptations to regular aerobic and anaerobic exercise. Aerobic exercise can cause several central cardiovascular adaptations, including an increase in stroke volume (SV) [5] and maximal aerobic capacity (VO 2 max), [5] [6] as well as a decrease in resting heart rate (RHR).
Neuroplasticity is the process by which neurons adapt to a disturbance over time, and most often occurs in response to repeated exposure to stimuli. [27] Aerobic exercise increases the production of neurotrophic factors [note 1] (e.g., BDNF, IGF-1, VEGF) which mediate improvements in cognitive functions and various forms of memory by promoting blood vessel formation in the brain, adult ...
Cycling is a popular form of exercise. Weight training. Exercise or workout is physical activity that enhances or maintains fitness and overall health. [1] [2] which is performed for various reasons, including weight loss or maintenance, to aid growth and improve strength, develop muscles and the cardiovascular system, prevent injuries, hone athletic skills, improve health, [3] or simply for ...
The adaptation of the load is called supercompensation. Initial fitness, training, recovery, and supercompensation. First put forth by Russian scientist Nikolai N. Yakovlev in 1949–1959, [2] this theory is a basic principle of athletic training.
The roots of periodization come from Hans Selye's model, known as the General adaptation syndrome (GAS). The GAS describes three basic stages of response to stress: (a) the Alarm stage, involving the initial shock of the stimulus on the system, (b) the Resistance stage, involving the adaptation to the stimulus by the system, and (c) the Exhaustion stage, in that repairs are inadequate, and a ...