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Alfatradiol, also known as 17α-estradiol and sold under the brand names Avicis, Avixis, Ell-Cranell Alpha, and Pantostin, is a weak estrogen and 5α-reductase inhibitor medication which is used topically in the treatment of pattern hair loss (androgenic alopecia or pattern baldness) in men and women.
Side effects of spironolactone which may be indicative of hyperkalemia and if persistent could justify serum potassium testing include nausea, fatigue, and particularly muscle weakness. [64] Notably, non-use of routine potassium monitoring with spironolactone in young women would reduce costs associated with its use.
Side effects associated with phentolamine include headache, flushing, and nasal congestion. [23] Benign prostate hyperplasia, a disease in which urinary retention becomes an issue. Alpha-1 blockers can be used, but it can result in side effects such as increased urination and retrograde ejaculation.
In addition, due to their blockade of certain serotonin receptors, serotonergic neurotransmission is not facilitated in unwanted areas, which prevents the incidence of many side effects often associated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants; [1] [3] hence, in part, the "specific serotonergic" label of NaSSAs. [2]
Yohimbine should not be confused with yohimbe [4] but often is. [5]Yohimbe is the common English name for the tree species P. johimbe (also called Corynanthe johimbe) and, by extension, the name of a medicinal preparation made from the bark of that tree, sold as an aphrodisiac. [6]
Thujone (/ ˈ θ uː dʒ oʊ n / ⓘ [2]) is a ketone and a monoterpene that occurs predominantly in two diastereomeric forms: (−)-α-thujone and (+)-β-thujone. [3] [4]Though it is best known as a chemical compound in the spirit absinthe, it is only present in trace amounts and is unlikely to be responsible for the spirit's purported stimulant and psychoactive effects.
Examples of alpha 2 blockers include yohimbine and idazoxan. [2] Apart from being used as antidotes to reverse the overdose effects of alpha 2 agonists, they only have a limited number of indications. [3] For instance, Yohimbine has been used to treat sexual dysfunction in males. [3]
Guanfacine, sold under the brand name Tenex (immediate-release) and Intuniv (extended-release) among others, is an oral alpha-2a agonist medication used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and high blood pressure. [3] [10] Common side effects include sleepiness, constipation, and dry mouth. [10]