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Bilingual education can also support minority language speakers by communicating the value of their home or heritage language, resulting in increased self-esteem. [22] [23] Additionally, bilingual education models have been shown to improve student engagement and attendance as parent involvement in school activities. [24] [25]
Language education in the United States has historically involved teaching English to immigrants; and Spanish, French, Latin, Italian or German to native English speakers. Bilingual education was sponsored in some districts, often continuously. Japanese language education in the United States increased following the Japanese post-war economic ...
Some schools teach bilingual programs that cater to children speaking languages other than English. Bilingual education for Indigenous (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander) students, however, has only received intermittent official backing. [40]
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Several observed outcomes of bilingual education are the transfer of academic and conceptual knowledge across both languages, greater success in programs that emphasize biliteracy as well as bilingualism, and better developed second-language (L2) literary skills for minority students than if they received a monolingual education in the majority ...
The bilingual education program must be “based on sound educational theory.” The program must be “implemented effectively with resources for personnel, instructional materials, and space.” After a trial period, the program must be proven effective in overcoming language barriers/handicaps.
Teachers' personal beliefs must support multicultural education. Teachers must knowledge that beyond the official curriculum, a latent curriculum promotes norms that may not be articulated but that are understood and expected. Teachers must teach students to be global citizens, which requires teachers to embrace other cultures.
Portales was a case that dictated when a "substantial group" of students with limited English proficiency was present, bilingual education was required. [20] Aspira v. N.Y. Board of Education required testing for students in English and their native language in order to understand if they should receive additional services and bilingual education.