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  2. Visual flight rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_flight_rules

    VFR requires a pilot to be able to see outside the cockpit to control the aircraft's altitude, navigate, and avoid obstacles and other aircraft. [3] Governing agencies establish specific requirements for VFR flight, including minimum visibility, and distance from clouds, to ensure that aircraft operating under VFR are visible from enough distance to ensure safety.

  3. Visual meteorological conditions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_meteorological...

    VFR / VMC visibility requirements in the US. In aviation, visual meteorological conditions (VMC) is an aviation flight category in which visual flight rules (VFR) flight is permitted—that is, conditions in which pilots have sufficient visibility to fly the aircraft maintaining visual separation from terrain and other aircraft.

  4. Maximum elevation figure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_Elevation_Figure

    Maximum elevation figure (MEF) is a type of visual flight rule (VFR) information that indicates the elevation of the highest geographical feature within a GEOREF quadrangle area. It is of interest to pilots, who want to be aware of the highest mountain peaks and tall towers nearby, so that they can fly above them to avoid controlled flight into ...

  5. Aeronautical chart conventions (United States) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeronautical_chart...

    Water tank (black dot), lookout towers (circle with triangle inside), oil wells (empty circle), water wells (blue dot) Coast guard stations (diamond with "CG") Where relevant, a mountain pass and its elevation may be shown with curved lines.

  6. Instrument flight rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrument_flight_rules

    However, typical daytime VFR minimums for most airspace is 3 statute miles of flight visibility and a distance from clouds of 500 feet below, 1,000 feet above, and 2,000 feet horizontally. [4] Flight conditions reported as equal to or greater than these VFR minimums are referred to as visual meteorological conditions (VMC).

  7. Flight level - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_level

    The rule was non-binding upon flights operating under visual flight rules (VFR). Minimum vertical separation between two flights abiding by the UK Quadrantal Rule is 500 ft (note these are in geopotential foot units). The level to be flown is determined by the magnetic track of the aircraft, as follows: [14]

  8. Sectional aeronautical chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sectional_aeronautical_chart

    In United States aviation, a sectional aeronautical chart, often called a sectional chart or a sectional for short, is a type of aeronautical chart designed for air navigation under visual flight rules (VFR). In Australia, Canada and some other countries, the equivalent charts used for visual flight are called VFR Navigation Charts (VNCs).

  9. Aeronautical chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeronautical_chart

    An aeronautical chart is a map designed to assist in the navigation of aircraft, much as nautical charts do for watercraft, or a roadmap does for drivers. Using these charts and other tools, pilots are able to determine their position, safe altitude, best route to a destination, navigation aids along the way, alternative landing areas in case of an in-flight emergency, and other useful ...