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In organic synthesis, the complex diethylaniline·borane (DEANB) is used as a reducing agent. [4] Diethylaniline and dimethylaniline are both used as acid-absorbing bases. The advantage to the diethyl derivative is that [C 6 H 5 NEt 2 H]Cl is non-hygroscopic, in contrast to [C 6 H 5 NMe 2 H]Cl. [5]
Manual split and pool synthesizer. The device is an aluminum tube mounted on a laboratory shaker and evacuated by a water pump. The split and pool synthesis was first applied to prepare peptide libraries on solid support. The synthesis was realized in a home-made manual device shown in the figure.
Acetic anhydride, or ethanoic anhydride, is the chemical compound with the formula (CH 3 CO) 2 O. Commonly abbreviated Ac 2 O, it is the simplest isolable anhydride of a carboxylic acid and is widely used as a reagent in organic synthesis. It is a colorless liquid that smells strongly of acetic acid, which is formed by its reaction with ...
The main industrial routes start from aniline via vapor-phase reaction with ethylene glycol in the presence of catalysts: In general, reactions are conducted between 200 and 500 °C. Yields can be as high as 60%. Other precursors to indole include formyltoluidine, 2-ethylaniline, and 2-(2-nitrophenyl)ethanol, all of which undergo cyclizations. [28]
The reaction of quadricyclane with DEAD is a 2σ + 2σ + 2π cycloaddition that on water takes place within 10 minutes at room temperature with 82% yield. The same reaction in toluene takes 24 hours at 80 °C with 70% yield. An emulsion reaction in fluorinated cyclohexane takes 36 hours and the neat reaction takes even longer (48 hours).
2-[2-(2-chlorethylsulfonyl)ethoxy]ethanamine If the vinyl sulfone group is introduced via a primary or secondary aliphatic amine, this is performed again by condensation with a halotriazine compound. An example is 2-[2-(2-chlorethylsulfonyl)ethoxy]ethanamine used in bifunctional reactive dyes in combination with a monofluoro or ...
The reaction mechanism of the Gassman indole synthesis is divided among three steps. The first step is the oxidation of the aniline 1 using tert-butyl hypochlorite (tBuOCl) to give the chloramine 2. The second step is the addition of the keto-thioether to give the sulfonium ion 3, and is typically done at low temperatures (−78 °C).
One example of the Strecker synthesis is a multikilogram scale synthesis of an L-valine derivative starting from Methyl isopropyl ketone: [5] (CH 3) 2 CHC(O)CH 3 + HCN + NH 3 → (CH 3) 2 CHC(CN)(NH 2)CH 3 + H 2 O. The initial reaction product of 3-methyl-2butanone with sodium cyanide and ammonia is resolved by application of L-tartaric acid ...