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A curve connecting the tangency points is called the expansion path because it shows how the input usages expand as the chosen level of output expands. In economics , an expansion path (also called a scale line [ 1 ] ) is a path connecting optimal input combinations as the scale of production expands. [ 2 ]
In economics and particularly in consumer choice theory, the income-consumption curve (also called income expansion path and income offer curve) is a curve in a graph in which the quantities of two goods are plotted on the two axes; the curve is the locus of points showing the consumption bundles chosen at each of various levels of income.
At each price there is a single corresponding quantity of either good. Due to this, by modeling the good with the changing price as any particular good and the good with the unchanging price as all other goods, the price-consumption curve can be used to construct an individual's demand curve for any particular good. [1]
The grey line shows the Income–consumption curve (the consumer theory equivalent to the Expansion path) of a series of Leontief utility curves. In Figure 1, the consumer would rather be on I 3 than I 2 , and would rather be on I 2 than I 1 , but does not care where he/she is on a given indifference curve.
An economic expansion is an upturn in the level of economic activity and of the goods and services available. It is a finite period of growth, often measured by a rise in real GDP , that marks a reversal from a previous period, for example, while recovering from a recession .
For example, when inputs (labor and capital) increase by 100%, output increases by 100%. If output increases by less than the proportional change in all inputs, there are decreasing returns to scale (DRS). For example, when inputs (labor and capital) increase by 100%, the increase in output is less than 100%.
As the target level of output is increased, the relevant isoquant becomes farther and farther out from the origin, and still it is optimal in a cost-minimization sense to operate at the tangency point of the relevant isoquant with an isocost curve. The set of all such tangency points is called the firm's expansion path.
The expansion path of the industrial sector is given by the line OA o A 1 A 2. As capital increases from K o to K 1 to K 2 and labor increases from L o to L 1 and L 2, the industrial output represented by the production contour A o, A 1 and A 3 increases accordingly.