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In internal combustion engines, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is a nitrogen oxide (NO x) emissions reduction technique used in petrol/gasoline, diesel engines and some hydrogen engines. [1] EGR works by recirculating a portion of an engine's exhaust gas back to the engine cylinders .
OBD-II PIDs (On-board diagnostics Parameter IDs) are codes used to request data from a vehicle, used as a diagnostic tool.. SAE standard J1979 defines many OBD-II PIDs. All on-road vehicles and trucks sold in North America are required to support a subset of these codes, primarily for state mandated emissions inspections.
Toyota also referred to an earlier lean-burn system as "Turbulence Generating Pot" (TGP). TTC-L was used in Japan on Toyota Carina T150 replacing the TTC-V (Vortex) exhaust gas recirculation approach used earlier, Toyota Corolla E80, and Toyota Sprinter. The lean mixture sensor was provided in the exhaust system to detect air–fuel ratios ...
Pumped air injection systems use a vane pump called the air pump, AIR pump, or colloquially "smog pump" turned by the engine via a belt or electric motor.The pump's air intake is filtered by a rotating screen or the vehicle air filter to exclude dirt particles large enough to damage the system.
Damage (due to excessive compression and even dilution of the lubricating oil with fuel) can also occur. This condition is known as the engine "flooding out." Possible causes of too much liquid fuel in the engine include a defective carburetor float that is not closing the fuel inlet needle valve, or debris caught in the needle valve preventing ...
The greater flow rate of intake air during these conditions means that a greater quantity of blow-by gases can be added to the intake system without compromising the operation of the engine. The opening of the PCV valve during these conditions also compensates for the intake system being less effective at drawing crankcase gases into the intake ...
It is a family of 3-cylinder and 4-cylinder diesel engines featuring modular diesel engine system (MDB (Modularer Diesel Motor Baukasten)), [3] [4] [5] with dual-loop EGR system, with high pressure EGR and a cooled low-pressure EGR loops; variable valve train (VVT) with a camshaft adjuster, Bosch CRS 2-20 2000 bar common rail injection system ...
Ammonia flow is in general controlled based on NOx measurements taken from the gas stream or preexisting performance curves from an engine manufacturer (in the case of gas turbines and reciprocating engines). Typically, all future operating conditions must be known beforehand to properly design and tune an SCR system.