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Jean-Baptiste Jourdan with his marshal's baton. In 1813, his baton was captured by British forces following the Battle of Vitoria. [1]The ceremonial baton is a short, thick stick-like object, typically in wood or metal, that is traditionally the sign of a field marshal or a similar high-ranking military officer, and carried as a piece of their uniform.
Reichsmarschall (German: Reichsmarschall des Großdeutschen Reiches; lit. ' Reich Marshal of the Greater German Reich ' ) was a military rank that held the highest position in the office of the Wehrmacht specially created for Hermann Göring during World War II .
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 1 February 2025. German Nazi politician and military leader (1893–1946) "Göring" and "Goering" redirect here. For other uses, see Göring (disambiguation). Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring Göring on trial, c. 1946 16th President of the Reichstag In office 30 August 1932 – 23 April 1945 President ...
The division began as a battalion-sized police unit in 1933. Over time it grew into a regiment, brigade, division, and finally was combined with the Parachute-Panzergrenadier Division 2 Hermann Göring on 1 May 1944 to form a Panzer corps under the name Reichsmarschall. It surrendered to the Soviet Army near Dresden on 8 May 1945.
The vast majority of the people promoted to field marshal won major battles in wars of their time. Field marshals played a compelling and influential role in military matters, were tax-exempt, members of the nobility, equal to government officials, under constant protection or escort, and had the right to directly report to the royal family. [3]
The traditional attribute distinguishing a German field marshal was an ornately decorated baton. [3] More tangible benefits included a yearly salary of 36,000 Reichsmarks for life (a Field Marshal was deemed never to retire, but to remain permanently on active duty) and all earnings being exempt from income tax.
As Reichsmarschall, Hermann Göring had specialized uniforms and insignia. The collar patches featured crossed batons; the shoulder boards were similar to that of a Field Marshal, but with a Reichsadler clutching the batons.
Prussian marshal's baton, awarded to Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria in 1895.. Generalfeldmarschall (German: [ɡenəʁaːlˈfɛltmaʁʃal] ⓘ; from Old High German marahscalc, "marshal, stable master, groom"; English: general field marshal, field marshal general, or field marshal; often abbreviated to Feldmarschall) was a rank in the armies of several German states and the Holy Roman Empire ...