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CMV colitis may be clinically manifested with diarrhea (usually non-bloody), abdominal pain, weight loss and anorexia. The diagnosis of CMV colitis is based on serology, CMV antigen testing and colonoscopy with biopsy. Clinical suspicion should be aroused in the setting of immunocompromised patient but it is much rarer in immunocompetent patient.
A large majority of patient that have CMV Esophagitis are diagnosed with HIV. Another significant segment of the population have weakened immune systems through transplant surgery, diabetes, or due to medication. Diagnosis is done primarily by endoscopy with biopsy, as CMV Esophagitis has a distinctive pathology pattern of linear ulcers. [2]
Treatment for CMV infection should start at 1 month of age and should occur for 6 months. The options for treatment are intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir. After diagnosis, it is important to further investigate any possible evidence of end-organ disease and symptoms through blood tests, imaging, ophthalmology tests, and hearing tests.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) (from cyto-'cell' via Greek κύτος kútos - 'container' + μέγας mégas 'big, megalo-' + -virus via Latin vīrus 'poison') is a genus of viruses in the order Herpesvirales, in the family Herpesviridae, [3] in the subfamily Betaherpesvirinae. Humans and other primates serve as natural hosts.
CMV infection or reactivation in people whose immune systems are compromised—for example people who have received transplants or are significantly burned—causes illness and increases the risk of death. [36] [37] CMV reactivation is commonly seen in people with severe colitis. [38] Specific disease entities recognized in those people are
Valganciclovir is commonly used for treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis (eye infection may cause blindness) in people who have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). [7] Valganciclovir is also used to prevent cytomegalovirus disease in people who have received a heart, kidney, or kidney-pancreas transplant and who have a chance of ...
Maribavir, sold under the brand name Livtencity, is an antiviral medication that is used to treat post-transplant cytomegalovirus (CMV). [8] [9] Maribavir is a cytomegalovirus pUL97 kinase inhibitor that works by preventing the activity of human cytomegalovirus enzyme pUL97, thus blocking virus replication.
Letermovir (INN; brand name Prevymis) is an antiviral drug for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections. It has been tested in CMV infected patients with allogeneic stem cell transplants and may also be useful for other patients with a compromised immune system such as those with organ transplants or HIV infections. [3]