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L-α-Glycerophosphorylcholine (alpha-GPC, choline alfoscerate, sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) is a natural choline compound found in the brain. It is also a parasympathomimetic acetylcholine precursor [ 1 ] which has been investigated for its potential for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease [ 2 ] and other dementias .
In combination with a peptide antigen, α-GalCer is able to stimulate a strong immune response against the epitope. The CD1d:glycolipid:TCR interaction activates the iNKT cell which can then activate the dendritic cell.
Human GC is a glycosylated alpha-globulin, ~58 kDa in size. Its 458 amino acids are coded for by 1690 nucleotides on chromosome 4 (4q11–q13). The primary structure contains 28 cysteine residues forming multiple disulfide bonds. GC contains 3 domains. Domain 1 is composed of 10 alpha helices, domain 2 of 9, and domain 3 of 4. [8]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PPARGC1A gene. [4] PPARGC1A is also known as human accelerated region 20 . It may, therefore, have played a key role in differentiating humans from apes. [5] PGC-1α is the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis.
Glycine is integral to the formation of alpha-helices in secondary protein structure due to the "flexibility" caused by such a small R group. Glycine is also an inhibitory neurotransmitter [ 9 ] – interference with its release within the spinal cord (such as during a Clostridium tetani infection) can cause spastic paralysis due to uninhibited ...
Heterotrimeric G proteins, also called guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, consist of three subunits, called alpha, beta, and gamma subunits, or G α, G β, and G γ. When a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) is activated, G α dissociates from G βγ, allowing both subunits to perform their respective downstream signaling effects.
Wall Street analysts expect gold's rally to keep going in 2025 after the precious metal saw its biggest annual jump in 14 years. On Thursday, gold futures jumped more than 1% to hover above $2,670 ...
The GC elements are bound by transcription factors and have similar functions to enhancers. [2] Some known GC box-binding proteins include Sp1, Krox/Egr, Wilms' tumor, MIGI, and CREA. [1] The GC box is commonly the binding site for zinc finger proteins. An alpha helix section of the protein corresponds with a major groove in the DNA.