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The homozygous mutation causes prenatal onset of recurrent fractures of the ribs and long bones, demineralization, decreased ossification of the skull, and blue sclerae; it is clinically type II or type III. [77] Family members who are heterozygous for OI XVI may have recurrent fractures, osteopenia and blue sclerae. [77] [78]
The sclera, like the cornea, contains a basal endothelium, above which there is the lamina fusca, containing a high count of pigment cells. [6] Sometimes, very small gray-blue spots can appear on the sclera, a harmless condition called scleral melanocytosis.
Daentl Townsend Siegel syndrome is a very rare disorder characterized by blue sclerae, kidney malfunction, thin skin, and hydrocephalus. It was first identified by D.L. Daentl et al. in 1978. [ 1 ] Daentl Townsend Siegel syndrome is also known as "Hydrocephalus blue sclera nephropathy" and "Familial nephrosis, hydrocephalus, thin skin, blue ...
Eye color outside of the iris may also be symptomatic of disease. Yellowing of the sclera (the "whites of the eyes") is associated with jaundice, [82] and may be symptomatic of liver diseases such as cirrhosis or hepatitis. [83] A blue coloration of the sclera may also be symptomatic of disease. [82]
Teeth are moderately discoloured (blue, grey or amber opalescent). More attrition is evident with shortening of crown height. Crowns may appear bulbous with prominent constriction at the CEJ. Radiographically, the pulp is small or is totally obliterated. Roots appear thinner and shorter than average. There may be periapical pathology. [3]
Bonobo with dark sclera Gorilla eyes. The cooperative eye hypothesis was first proposed Michael Tomasello and colleagues in 2007, [1] on the basis of a study by H. Kobayashi and S. Kohshima in 2001. [5] The main tenets of the hypothesis are laid out in an earlier article, [6] but this is not cited in Tomasello and colleagues' 2007 study. It is ...
Due to longstanding pushback and controversial health studies surrounding the ingredient, many processed food manufacturers have already shifted away from using Red Dye No. 3, opting instead for ...
Waardenburg syndrome is a group of rare genetic conditions characterised by at least some degree of congenital hearing loss and pigmentation deficiencies, which can include bright blue eyes (or one blue eye and one brown eye), a white forelock or patches of light skin.