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During treatment, the image guidance system captures 3D images, tracks the movement of tumors, and guides the robotic arm to accurately aim the treatment beam at the moving tumor. [2] The system is designed for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT).
The success of this first unit led to the construction of a second device, containing 179 cobalt-60 sources. This second Gamma Knife unit was designed to produce spherical lesions to treat brain tumors and intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). [9] Additional units were installed in the 1980s all with 201 cobalt-60 sources. [10]
Stereotactic surgery is a minimally invasive form of surgical intervention that makes use of a three-dimensional coordinate system to locate small targets inside the body and to perform on them some action such as ablation, biopsy, lesion, injection, stimulation, implantation, radiosurgery (SRS), etc.
The facility is based in the Balestier Road-based ParkwayHealth Day Surgery & Medical Centre. [3] An independent medical centre, any member of the public, local or foreigner, is entitled to make use of it. [5] The centre promotes itself as "Asia's leading gamma knife centre" and "the only gamma knife facility in Singapore". [3]
These decays include the emission of gamma rays, whose energy is isotope-specific and ranges between 300 keV and 1.5 MeV. Superficial radiation therapy machines produce low energy x-rays in the same energy range as diagnostic x-ray machines, 20–150 keV, to treat skin conditions. [ 3 ]
Leeds Gamma Knife Centre is based in the Institute of Oncology at St James's University Hospital in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. St. James's Institute of Oncology (Bexley Wing), a National Health Service (NHS) hospital, is the largest cancer research hospital in Europe. [ 1 ]
This compelled Leksell to consider other radiation sources and he started designing the cobalt-60 gamma unit, which was fully integrated with the stereotactic system. The development of the ‘‘beam-knife’’ took place after Leksell had been appointed successor to Olivecrona in 1960 and the first unit was inaugurated in 1967.
Cobalt therapy is the medical use of gamma rays from the radioisotope cobalt-60 to treat conditions such as cancer.Beginning in the 1950s, cobalt-60 was widely used in external beam radiotherapy (teletherapy) machines, which produced a beam of gamma rays which was directed into the patient's body to kill tumor tissue.