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[3] [4] [5] At the time of World War II, Alaska was a territory of the United States. The islands' strategic value was their ability to control Pacific transportation routes as US General Billy Mitchell stated to the U.S. Congress in 1935, "I believe that in the future, whoever holds Alaska will hold the world.
Ernest Henry Gruening (1887–1974), veteran journalist on the east coast of the United States and bureaucrat in the FDR administration, was appointed Governor of the Territory of Alaska in 1939, and served until 1953. He was one of the new state of Alaska's first two United States Senators, serving until 1969.
Although it is not clear how the Navy General Staff requested the Combined Fleet Command to plan the Aleutian Operation ( Operation AL) to occupy Attu and Kiska Islands, [1] the Navy General Staff seemed to have acknowledged the necessity of Operation AL in response to the proposition of the Fifth Fleet when considering the attempt to overtake Midway (Operation MI).
Red White Black & Blue - feature documentary about The Battle of Attu in the Aleutians during World War II; Soldiers of the 184th Infantry, 7th ID in the Pacific, 1943-1945; World War II Aleutian Islands: The U.S. Army Campaigns of World War II Archived 2014-03-17 at the Wayback Machine from the United States Army Center of Military History ...
The Last Flight of Bomber 31: Harrowing Tales of American and Japanese Pilots Who Fought World War II's Arctic Air Campaign. Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-7867-1360-7. MacGriggle, George L. Aleutian Islands. The U.S. Army Campaigns of World War II. United States Army Center of Military History. CMH Pub 72-6. Archived from the original on 2014-03-17
The U.S. Army Campaigns of World War II. United States Army Center of Military History. CMH Pub 72-6. Archived from the original on 17 March 2014; Symonds, Craig L. The Battle of Midway (Pivotal Moments in American History) Oxford University Press, US, 2011, ISBN 978-0195397932 pp. 193–200.
The American Theater [1] was a theater of operations during World War II including all continental American territory, and extending 200 miles (320 km) into the ocean.. Owing to North and South America's geographical separation from the central theaters of conflict (in Europe, the Mediterranean and Middle East, and the Pacific) the threat of an invasion of the continental U.S. or other areas ...
The Sitka Naval Operating Base and U.S. Army Coastal Defenses are the surviving elements of the World War II-era defenses and defense establishments in and around Sitka, Alaska. These facilities, in particular the airfields and naval bases, played a key role in the defense of Alaska, and in military operations against Japanese forces which ...