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The X Window System (X11, or simply X; stylized 𝕏) is a windowing system for bitmap displays, common on Unix-like operating systems. X originated as part of Project Athena at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1984. [3] The X protocol has been at version 11 (hence "X11") since September 1987.
The X Window terminology takes the perspective that the X Window program is at the centre of all activity, i.e. the X Window program accepts and responds to requests from applications, and from the user's mouse and keyboard input. Therefore, applications (on remote computers) are viewed as clients of the X Window server program.
A desktop environment is a collection of software designed to give functionality and a certain look and feel to an operating system. This article applies to operating systems which are capable of running the X Window System, mostly Unix and Unix-like operating systems such as Linux, Minix, illumos, Solaris, AIX, FreeBSD and Mac OS X. [1]
Panel for window switching Tabbed windows Themeable 9wm: No No No Yes No No aewm [citation needed] No No No Yes Yes No No awesome: Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Berry [citation needed] No Yes [a] Yes [b] No No No Yes Blackbox: No Depends [c] Depends [d] Yes [e] Yes No Yes bspwm [citation needed] No No Yes [f] Partial No No No Compiz: Yes Yes Yes ...
The X Window System core protocol [1] [2] [3] is the base protocol of the X Window System, which is a networked windowing system for bitmap displays used to build graphical user interfaces on Unix, Unix-like, and other operating systems. The X Window System is based on a client–server model: a single server controls the input/output hardware ...
The Nano-X Window System currently runs on Linux systems with kernel framebuffer support, or using an X11 driver that allows Microwindows applications to be run on top of the X Window desktop.
The windowing system based on the X11 protocol keeps display server and window manager as separate components. An X window manager is a window manager that runs on top of the X Window System, a windowing system mainly used on Unix-like systems.
Beginning around 2010, Linux desktop graphics have moved from having "a pile of rendering interfaces... all talking to the X server, which is at the center of the universe" towards putting the Linux kernel and its components (i.e. Direct Rendering Infrastructure (DRI), Direct Rendering Manager (DRM)) "in the middle", with "window systems like X ...