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Glaucoma medication is divided into groups based on chemical structure and pharmacologic action. The goal of currently available glaucoma therapy is to preserve visual function by lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients that have an increased intraocular pressure.
Tropicamide is an antimuscarinic drug that produces short acting mydriasis (dilation of the pupil) and cycloplegia [7] when applied as eye drops. It is used to allow better examination of the lens , vitreous humor , and retina .
Dipivefrine, or dipivefrin, also known as epinephrine pivalate and sold under the brand name Propine among others, is a sympathomimetic medication which is used in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma. [2] [3] It is available as a 0.1% ophthalmic solution . [1] [4] Side effects of dipivefrine include local eye reactions among others.
Ibopamine is a sympathomimetic drug, designed as a prodrug of epinine (deoxyepinephrine or N-methyldopamine), used in ophthalmology. [1] It induces mydriasis. [2] It also has been investigated for use in the treatment of congestive heart failure. [3] It acts on D 1 [4] [5] and α-adrenergic receptors as an agonist. [6]
Brinzolamide (trade name Azopt) is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used to lower intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It inhibits a number of isoenzymes, the strongest of which is carbonic anhydrase II (CA-II). The combination of brinzolamide with timolol is marketed under the trade name Azarga.
Hydroxyamphetamine has some limitations to its use as a diagnostic tool. If it is intended as an immediate follow up to another mydriatic drug (cocaine or apraclonidine), then the patient must wait anywhere from a day to a week before hydroxyamphetamine can be administered. [8] [5] It also has the tendency to falsely localize lesions. False ...
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