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Byzantine Iconoclasm, Chludov Psalter, 9th century. [10]Christian worship by the sixth century had developed a clear belief in the intercession of saints. This belief was also influenced by a concept of hierarchy of sanctity, with the Trinity at its pinnacle, followed by the Virgin Mary, referred to in Greek as the Theotokos ("birth-giver of God") or Meter Theou ("Mother of God"), the saints ...
The usage of gold leaf in Byzantine artwork is indicative that the work is meant to be divine and spiritual. [14] The icon was created by incorporating egg tempera on gold leaf over a wooden panel. [4] The wood panel then is covered with gesso and linen. [4] [5] The icon has a height of 37.8 cm, a width of 31.4 cm and a depth of 5.3 cm. [4]
Iconoclasm (from Greek: εἰκών, eikṓn, 'figure, icon' + κλάω, kláō, 'to break') [i] is the social belief in the importance of the destruction of icons and other images or monuments, most frequently for religious or political reasons.
Byzantine mosaics are mosaics produced from the 4th to 15th [1] centuries in and under the influence of the Byzantine Empire. Mosaics were some of the most popular [ 2 ] and historically significant art forms produced in the empire, and they are still studied extensively by art historians. [ 3 ]
Religious images or icons were made in Byzantine art in many different media: mosaics, paintings, small statues and illuminated manuscripts. [1] Monasteries produced many of the illuminated manuscripts devoted to religious works using the illustrations to highlight specific parts of text, a saints' martyrdom for example, while others were used ...
The emblem mostly associated with the Byzantine Empire is the double-headed eagle. It is not of Byzantine invention, but a traditional Anatolian motif dating to Hittite times, and the Byzantines themselves only used it in the last centuries of the Empire. [11] [12] The date of its adoption by the Byzantines has been hotly debated by scholars. [9]
The Icon of Christ of Latomos (or Latomou), also known as the Miracle of Latomos, [1] is a 5th-century Byzantine mosaic of Jesus in the monastery of Latomos (now the Church of Hosios David the Dendrite) [2] in Thessaloniki, Greece, that is an acheiropoieton (a religious image that is believed to have been made miraculously). [1]
The glory of Byzantium: art and culture of the Middle Byzantine era, A.D. 843–1261. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN 978-0-8109-6507-2. Hein, David. “Christianity and the Arts.” The Living Church, May 4, 2014, 8–11. The Vatican: spirit and art of Christian Rome. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 1982.