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A plunging anticline has a hinge that is not parallel to the earth's surface. All anticlines and synclines have some degree of plunge. All anticlines and synclines have some degree of plunge. Periclinal folds are a type of anticlines that have a well-defined, but curved hinge line and are doubly plunging and thus elongate domes .
In structural geology, a syncline is a fold with younger layers closer to the center of the structure, whereas an anticline is the inverse of a syncline. A synclinorium (plural synclinoriums or synclinoria ) is a large syncline with superimposed smaller folds. [ 1 ]
Pericline also refers to a doubly plunging anticline or syncline.. Pericline is a form of albite exhibiting elongate prismatic crystals. [1]Pericline twinning is a type of crystal twinning which show fine parallel twin laminae typically found in the alkali feldspars microcline. [2]
Two oppositely plunging parallel anticlinal fold trains and a syncline form [6] Remarks The overall structure can be easily confused with a single growing embryonic fold with huge fold axial length. [6] Embryonic fold segments grow in a direction perpendicular to the regional tectonic force.
See the main article on folds for a fuller treatment of fold types and nomenclature but in brief, an anticline is an arch-like fold whereas a syncline is its converse; a downfold. Antiforms , anticlinoria , synforms and synclinoria are variations on these.
For economic geology such as petroleum and mineral development, as well as research, modeling of structural geology is becoming increasingly important. 2D and 3D models of structural systems such as anticlines, synclines, fold and thrust belts, and other features can help better understand the evolution of a structure through time.
For example, if a porous sandstone unit covered with low permeability shale is folded into an anticline, it may form a hydrocarbons trap, oil accumulating in the crest of the fold. Most anticlinal traps are produced as a result of sideways pressure, folding the layers of rock, but can also occur from sediments being compacted.
Includes strike and dip, vertical strata, horizontal strata, anticline axis, syncline axis, plunging anticline axis, plunging syncline axis, and strike-slip fault. For more details and symbols, see the FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization at the official website