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John Wesley (/ ˈ w ɛ s l i / WESS-lee; [1] 28 June [O.S. 17 June] 1703 – 2 March 1791) was an English cleric, theologian, and evangelist who was a principal leader of a revival movement within the Church of England known as Methodism.
Sermon 18*: The Marks of the New Birth - John 3:8; Sermon 19*: The Great Privilege of those that are born of God - 1 John 3:9; Sermon 20: The Lord our Righteousness - Jeremiah 23:6; Sermon 21*: Upon Our Lord's Sermon on the Mount: Discourse One - Matthew 5:1-4; Sermon 22*: Upon Our Lord's Sermon on the Mount: Discourse Two - Matthew 5:5-7
John Wesley held that entire sanctification was "the grand depositum", or foundational doctrine, of the Methodist faith, and its propagation was the reason God brought Methodists into existence. [9] [10] Scripture is considered the primary authority, but Methodists also look to Christian tradition, including the historic creeds.
The largest branch of Methodism in England was organised by John Wesley. In May 1738 he claimed to have experienced a profound discovery of God in his heart, a pivotal event that has come to be called his evangelical conversion. [19] From 1739, Wesley took to open-air preaching, and converted people to his movement. [20]
In 1753, it was again published in John Wesley's A Christian Library. [6] In his Short history of the people called Methodists, [7] Wesley describes the first covenant service; a similar account is to be found in his Journal of the time. [8]
Local preachers have been a characteristic of Methodism from its beginnings as a revival movement in 18th-century England. John Wesley tried to avoid a schism with the Church of England, and encouraged those who attended his revival meetings to attend their parish churches, but they also attended Methodist preaching services which were held elsewhere and met in "classes" (small cell groups).
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The 20th-century Wesley scholar Albert Outler argued in his introduction to the 1964 collection John Wesley that Wesley developed his theology by using a method that Outler termed the Wesleyan Quadrilateral. [80] The Free Methodist Church teaches: [6] In the Free Methodist church, we believe all truth is God's truth.