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A chemical equation is the symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactant entities are given on the left-hand side and the product entities are on the right-hand side with a plus sign between the entities in both the reactants and the products, and an arrow that points towards the products to show the direction of the reaction. [1]
Arrow pushing or electron pushing is a technique used to describe the progression of organic chemistry reaction mechanisms. [1] It was first developed by Sir Robert Robinson.In using arrow pushing, "curved arrows" or "curly arrows" are drawn on the structural formulae of reactants in a chemical equation to show the reaction mechanism.
Alchemical symbols were used to denote chemical elements and compounds, as well as alchemical apparatus and processes, until the 18th century. Although notation was ...
An early arrow symbol is found in an illustration of Bernard Forest de Bélidor's treatise L'architecture hydraulique, printed in France in 1737. The arrow is here used to illustrate the direction of the flow of water and of the water wheel's rotation. At about the same time, arrow symbols were used to indicate the flow of rivers in maps. [3]
Radical reaction mechanisms use single-headed arrows to depict the movement of single electrons: Example of an arrow-pushing mechanism for an internal radical reaction. The homolytic cleavage of the breaking bond is drawn with a "fish-hook" arrow to distinguish from the usual movement of two electrons depicted by a standard curly arrow. The ...
In chemistry, many chemical reactions are reversible and described using equations which tend towards a dynamic chemical equilibrium. In these reactions, adding a reactant or a product causes the reaction to occur producing more product, or more reactant, respectively. It is standard to draw “harpoon-type” arrows in place of an equals sign ...
Astronomical symbols. Planet symbols; Chemical symbols; Electronic symbol (for circuit diagrams, etc.) ... "Do not roll": a box with a curved arrow above, and a cross ...
↑, a notation of Knuth's up-arrow notation for very large integers; ↑, a mathematical game theory position Up; ↑ or Sheffer stroke, the logical connective "not both" or NAND; ↑, the APL function 'take' "Increased" (and similar meanings), in medical notation; ↑, a chemical symbol for production of gas, which bubbles up.