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  2. Galamsey - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galamsey

    Galamsey in Ghana. Galamsey refers to illegal small-scale gold mining in Ghana. [1] The term is derived from the English phrase "gather them and sell". [2] Historically, galamsey referred to traditional small-scale mining practices in Ghana, where local communities would gather and search for gold in rivers and streams.

  3. Zama zama - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zama_zama

    Zama zamas are illegal artisanal miners in South Africa who occupy closed or operational mines to mine for minerals such as gold, iron ore, coal, and manganese. The term zama zama loosely translates to "take a chance" in isiZulu and they use rudimentary tools and explosives for mining.

  4. 2023 Boksburg gas leak - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Boksburg_gas_leak

    Illegal gold miners, commonly referred to as "zama zamas", operate in abandoned mine shafts and use the empty gas cylinders, known as "phendukas", to process the stolen ore. The cylinders, often stolen, are first drained of gas, then cut open so that ore can be placed in them along with a steel ball which crushes the ore as the cylinder is rotated.

  5. South African residents try to rescue trapped illegal miners ...

    www.aol.com/news/south-african-residents-try...

    South African President Cyril Ramaphosa deployed more than 3,000 troops to combat illegal mining activity last November. Since the operation's creation through the beginning of this month, more ...

  6. Gold, prices, and jobs: What's at stake in Ghana's elections?

    www.aol.com/gold-prices-jobs-whats-stake...

    Concerns over the environmental impact of illegal gold mining - known in the country as "galamsey" - have become another major talking-point. A series of demonstrations over the practice, which ...

  7. Illegal mining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illegal_mining

    Illegal mining can be a subsistence activity, as is the case with artisanal mining, or it can belong to large-scale organized crime, [2] spearheaded by illegal mining syndicates. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] On an international level, approximately 80 percent of small-scale mining operations can be categorized as illegal. [ 5 ]

  8. Gold mining in Ghana - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_mining_in_Ghana

    Ashanti Region has played a central role in gold mining in Ghana, dating back to the 19th century.Local artisanal mining, known as galamsey, predated industrial efforts.The Ashanti Goldfields Corporation was established in 1897, marking the start of large-scale industrial gold mining in Ghana [15] [16] [17]

  9. 2009 Harmony Gold mine deaths - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_Harmony_Gold_mine_deaths

    Susan Shabangu, South Africa's Minister of Mining, visited the mine on 2 June 2009. [2] She condemned the act of mining illegally but expressed her sympathies with the relatives of the victims: The government will not condone illicit mining, but these are human lives that have been lost. Children have been orphaned and women have been widowed. [6]