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In linear algebra, the transpose of a matrix is an operator which flips a matrix over its diagonal; that is, it switches the row and column indices of the matrix A by producing another matrix, often denoted by A T (among other notations). [1] The transpose of a matrix was introduced in 1858 by the British mathematician Arthur Cayley. [2]
In linear algebra, the adjugate or classical adjoint of a square matrix A, adj(A), is the transpose of its cofactor matrix. [1] [2] It is occasionally known as adjunct matrix, [3] [4] or "adjoint", [5] though that normally refers to a different concept, the adjoint operator which for a matrix is the conjugate transpose.
The conjugate transpose of a matrix with real entries reduces to the transpose of , as the conjugate of a real number is the number itself. The conjugate transpose can be motivated by noting that complex numbers can be usefully represented by 2 × 2 {\displaystyle 2\times 2} real matrices, obeying matrix addition and multiplication: [ 3 ]
If instead, A is equal to the negative of its transpose, that is, A = −A T, then A is a skew-symmetric matrix. In complex matrices, symmetry is often replaced by the concept of Hermitian matrices, which satisfies A ∗ = A, where the star or asterisk denotes the conjugate transpose of the matrix, that is, the transpose of the complex ...
Transposition, producing the transpose of a matrix A T, which is computed by swapping columns for rows in the matrix A; Transpose of a linear map; Transposition (logic), a rule of replacement in philosophical logic; Transpose relation, another name for converse relation
If the linear map is represented by the matrix with respect to two bases of and , then is represented by the transpose matrix with respect to the dual bases of ′ and ′, hence the name. Alternatively, as u {\displaystyle u} is represented by A {\displaystyle A} acting to the right on column vectors, t u {\displaystyle {}^{t}u} is represented ...
Performing an in-place transpose (in-situ transpose) is most difficult when N ≠ M, i.e. for a non-square (rectangular) matrix, where it involves a complex permutation of the data elements, with many cycles of length greater than 2.
Synonym for generalized permutation matrix. Moore matrix: A row consists of a, a q, a q², etc., and each row uses a different variable. Nonnegative matrix: A matrix with all nonnegative entries. Null-symmetric matrix A square matrix whose null space (or kernel) is equal to its transpose, N(A) = N(A T) or ker(A) = ker(A T). Synonym for kernel ...