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The windmill fantail is an earlier example of automatic control, but since it does not have an amplifier or gain, it is not usually considered a servomechanism. The first feedback position control device was the ship steering engine, used to position the rudder of large ships based on the position of the ship's wheel. John McFarlane Gray was a ...
Typical trim tabs on aileron, rudder and elevator. Trim tabs are small surfaces connected to the trailing edge of a larger control surface on a boat or aircraft, used to control the trim of the controls, i.e. to counteract hydro- or aerodynamic forces and stabilise the boat or aircraft in a particular desired attitude without the need for the operator to constantly apply a control force.
The Kitchen rudder is the familiar name for "Kitchen's Patent Reversing Rudders", a combination rudder and directional propulsion delivery system for relatively slow speed displacement boats which was invented in the early 20th century by John G. A. Kitchen of Lancashire, England.
Gust lock on a rudder. A gust lock on an aircraft is a mechanism that locks control surfaces and keeps open aircraft doors in place while the aircraft is parked on the ground and non-operational. Gust locks prevent wind from causing unexpected movements of the control surfaces and their linked controls inside the aircraft, as well as aircraft ...
An immersed area of 0.1 m 2 at 1 m lever length at a boat speed of 2.5 m/s (about 5 knots) and 5° angle of attack already generates a moment of 180 N⋅m, when the oar has a NACA0012 profile. [7] The steering force of the servo oar is transmitted to the main rudder typically involving an arrangement of two lines and four or more rolls to guide ...
The rudder attaches to the skeg and is steered by cables attached to it. In select sweeping boats, typically fours and eights, a coxswain will control the rudder, while in sculling boats and some sweeping boats, especially pairs, the rudder will be controlled with toe-steering. [4] A skeg typically consists of a flat piece of metal or plastic. [5]
An article on fin and rudder design; "Tail Unit Design" - with a paragraph on the effects of fin and rudder stall, in a 1941 Flight article here: - page 1 of article here: The relevance to the Halifax is in the reference to angles of yaw with partial engine failure; "Stalling of the fin may occur at about 15 deg. angle of yaw. This is a large ...
Spoiler controls can be used for roll control (outboard or mid-span spoilers) or descent control (inboard spoilers). Some aircraft use spoilers in combination with or in lieu of ailerons for roll control, primarily to reduce adverse yaw when rudder input is limited by higher speeds.