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In the United States, the prevalence of obese or overweight adult dogs is 23–53%, of which about 5% are obese; [22] [23] the incidence in adult cats is 55%, [23] of which about 8% are obese. [22] In Australia, obesity is the most common nutritional disease of pets; [24] the prevalence of obesity in dogs in Australia is approximately 40%. [14]
Like many other medical conditions, obesity is the result of an interplay between environmental and genetic factors. [2] [3] Studies have identified variants in several genes that may contribute to weight gain and body fat distribution; although, only in a few cases are genes the primary cause of obesity. [4] [5]
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Obesity in pets is common in many countries. In the United States, 23–41% of dogs are overweight, and about 5.1% are obese. [286] The rate of obesity in cats was slightly higher at 6.4%. [286] In Australia, the rate of obesity among dogs in a veterinary setting has been found to be 7.6%. [287]
As with humans, obesity can cause numerous health problems in dogs (although dogs are much less susceptible to the common cardiac and arterial consequences of obesity than humans are). According to a study published in the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine , the prevalence of obesity in dogs is between 22 and 40 percent.
The Punnett square is a visual representation of Mendelian inheritance, a fundamental concept in genetics discovered by Gregor Mendel. [10] For multiple traits, using the "forked-line method" is typically much easier than the Punnett square.
In this study, however, we found a clear genetic trigger for obesity,” said lead study author Dr. Mattia Frontini, British Heart Foundation senior fellow and an associate professor in cellular ...
A genetic correlation of 0 implies that the genetic effects on one trait are independent of the other, while a correlation of 1 implies that all of the genetic influences on the two traits are identical. The bivariate genetic correlation can be generalized to inferring genetic latent variable factors across > 2 traits using factor analysis ...