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Lebanese Arabic (Arabic: عَرَبِيّ لُبْنَانِيّ ʿarabiyy lubnāniyy; autonym: ʿarabe lebnēne [ˈʕaɾabe ləbˈneːne]), or simply Lebanese (Arabic: لُبْنَانِيّ lubnāniyy; autonym: lebnēne [ləbˈneːne]), is a group of accents or a variety of Levantine Arabic, indigenous to and primarily spoken in Lebanon, with some linguistic influences borrowed from other ...
Lebanon exists in a state of diglossia: MSA is used in formal writing and the news, while Lebanese Arabic—the variety of Levantine Arabic—is used as the native language in conversations and for informal written communication. When writing Levantine, Lebanese people use the Arabic script (more formal) or Arabizi (less formal).
Levantine Arabic, also called Shami (autonym: شامي, šāmi or اللهجة الشامية, el-lahje š-šāmiyye), is an Arabic variety spoken in the Levant, namely in Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Israel and southern Turkey (historically only in Adana, Mersin and Hatay provinces).
Article 11 of Lebanon's Constitution states that "Arabic is the official national language. A law determines the cases in which the French language is to be used". [ 1 ] The majority of Lebanese people speak Lebanese Arabic , which is grouped in a larger category called Levantine Arabic , while Modern Standard Arabic is mostly used in magazines ...
North Levantine Arabic (Arabic: اللهجة الشامية الشمالية, romanized: al-lahja š-šāmiyya š-šamāliyya, North Levantine: el-lahje š-šāmiyye š-šmāliyye) was defined in the ISO 639-3 international standard for language codes as a distinct Arabic variety, under the apc code.
The Lebanese writer Said Akl promoted the revival of the Aramaic language in Lebanon arguing for a Phoenician-Aramaic origin of the Lebanese vernacular. In 1999, Akl published the Maronite Missal and Eucharistic Liturgy in the Lebanese dialect in protest to the Maronite Church switching to Modern Standard Arabic from the Lebanese vernacular for its homilies.
The rural language is the one that changes most, and as in every old sedentary area, the changes are gradual, with more marked forms in extremal or isolated areas (e.g. general shift of /k/ to in rural Palestinian, or conservation of the diphthongs /aj/ and /aw/ in the Lebanese mountains). The urban language spoken in the major cities is ...
Akl was an ideologue for promotion of the Lebanese language as independent of Arabic language. Although acknowledging the influence of Arabic, he argued that Lebanese language was equally if not more influenced by Phoenician languages and promoted the use of the Lebanese language written in a modified Latin alphabet, rather than the Arabic one ...