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The Rüchardt experiment, [1] [2] [3] invented by Eduard Rüchardt, is a famous experiment in thermodynamics, which determines the ratio of the molar heat capacities of a gas, i.e. the ratio of (heat capacity at constant pressure) and (heat capacity at constant volume) and is denoted by (gamma, for ideal gas) or (kappa, isentropic exponent, for real gas).
The classical equipartition theorem predicts that the heat capacity ratio (γ) for an ideal gas can be related to the thermally accessible degrees of freedom (f) of a molecule by = +, =. Thus we observe that for a monatomic gas, with 3 translational degrees of freedom per atom: γ = 5 3 = 1.6666 … , {\displaystyle \gamma ={\frac {5}{3}}=1. ...
Latin (or Neo-Latin) origin [1] a.c. before meals: ante cibum a.d., ad, AD right ear auris dextra a.m., am, AM morning: ante meridiem: nocte every night Omne Nocte
In 1780, Antoine Lavoisier used the heat released by the respiration of a guinea pig to melt snow surrounding his apparatus, showing that respiratory gas exchange is a form of combustion, similar to the burning of a candle. [2] Lavoisier named this apparatus 'calorimeter', based on both Greek and Latin roots.
These two values are usually denoted by and , respectively; their quotient = / is the heat capacity ratio. The term specific heat may also refer to the ratio between the specific heat capacities of a substance at a given temperature and of a reference substance at a reference temperature, such as water at 15 °C; [5] much in the fashion of ...
Firstly, thermo-("of heat"; used in words such as thermometer) can be traced back to the root θέρμη therme, meaning "heat". Secondly, the word dynamics ("science of force [or power]") [22] can be traced back to the root δύναμις dynamis, meaning "power". [23] In 1849, the adjective thermo-dynamic is used by William Thomson. [24] [25 ...
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giving heat in a chemical reaction; the angle that subtends the arc of a circular curve in surveying; the maximum degree of any vertex in a given graph; sensitivity to price in mathematical finance; the discriminant of a polynomial (in a quadratic polynomial determines the nature of the roots) represents: percent error