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Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a cause of acute and chronic liver disease caused specifically by medications and the most common reason for a drug to be withdrawn from the market after approval. The liver plays a central role in transforming and clearing chemicals and is susceptible to the toxicity from these agents.
A hepatotoxin (Gr., hepato = liver) is a toxic chemical substance that damages the liver.. It can be a side-effect, but hepatotoxins are also found naturally, such as microcystins and pyrrolizidine alkaloids, or in laboratory environments, such as carbon tetrachloride, or far more pervasively in the form of ethanol (drinking alcohol).
[1] Alatrofloxacin: 2006 Worldwide Serious hepatotoxicity leading to liver transplant or death. [2] Alclofenac: 1979 UK Vasculitis [3] Alpidem (Ananxyl) 1995 Worldwide Not approved in the US, withdrawn in France in 1994 [4] and the rest of the market in 1995 because of rare but serious hepatotoxicity. [3] [5] Alosetron (Lotronex) 2000 US
Tolcapone has demonstrated significant liver toxicity (hepatotoxicity) [13] that limits the drug's utility. Entacapone is an alternative, largely since it has a more favorable toxicity profile. The hepatotoxicity can be related to elevated levels of transaminases , but studies have shown that minimal risk exists for those without preexisting ...
Of these, amoxicillin-clavulanate is the most common cause of drug-induced liver injury, and paracetamol toxicity the most common cause of acute liver failure in the United States and Europe. [36] Herbal remedies and dietary supplements are another important cause of hepatitis; these are the most common causes of drug-induced hepatitis in Korea ...
Drug-drug interactions can be of serious concern for patients who are undergoing multi-drug therapies. [5] Coadministration of chloroquine , an anti-malaria drug, and statins for treatment of cardiovascular diseases has been shown to cause inhibition of organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATPs) and lead to systemic statin exposure.
“This causes a drug interaction called ‘potentiation’ in which, from a drug effects standpoint, 1 plus 1 is greater than 2.” We hope these tips help you stay safe if you choose to drink ...
Plasma perhexiline concentrations as low as 0.6mg/L> are known to cause nausea and dizziness; however, perhexiline is also known to cause hepatotoxicity and peripheral neuropathy at plasma concentrations >0.6mg/L. [9] [10] The symptoms of peripheral neuropathy include weakness or sensory loss and pain in the arms, hand, legs, and feet.