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A volcanic crater is a bowl-shaped depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity, usually located above the volcano's vent. [11] During volcanic eruptions, molten magma and volcanic gases rise from an underground magma chamber, through a conduit, until they reach the crater's vent, from where the gases escape into the atmosphere and the magma is erupted as lava.
A volcanic crater is an approximately circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity. [1] It is typically a bowl-shaped feature containing one or more vents. During volcanic eruptions , molten magma and volcanic gases rise from an underground magma chamber , through a conduit, until they reach the crater's vent, from where the ...
The catalog is divided into three partial lists: List of craters on Mars: A–G; List of craters on Mars: H–N; List of craters on Mars: O–Z; Names are grouped into tables for each letter of the alphabet, containing the crater's name (linked if article exists), coordinates, diameter in kilometers, year of official name adoption (approval), the eponym ("named after") and a direct reference ...
The Crocodile Lake in Los Baños in the Philippines, though originally thought to be a volcanic crater, is a maar. The carbon dioxide-saturated Lake Nyos in northwestern Cameroon is another example, as is Zuñi Salt Lake in New Mexico, a shallow saline lake that occupies a flat-floored crater about 6,500 ft (2,000 m) across and 400 ft (120 m) deep.
An impact crater is a depression in the surface of a solid astronomical body formed by the hypervelocity impact of a smaller object. In contrast to volcanic craters, which result from explosion or internal collapse, [2] impact craters typically have raised rims and floors that are lower in elevation than the surrounding terrain. [3]
Complex-crater morphology on rocky planets appears to follow a regular sequence with increasing size: small complex craters with a central topographic peak are called central-peak craters (e.g., Tycho); intermediate-sized craters, in which the central peak is replaced by a ring of peaks, are called peak ring craters (e.g., Schrödinger); and ...
In addition, three of the four strewn fields have been clearly linked with impact craters using those same criteria. [2] [3] [4] Recognized types of tektites, grouped according to their known strewn fields, their associated craters, and ages are: Australasian strewnfield Approximate age: 0.77–0.78 million years), no confirmed crater:
A pit crater (also called a subsidence crater or collapse crater) is a depression formed by a sinking or collapse of the surface lying above a void or empty chamber, rather than by the eruption of a volcano or lava vent. [1] Pit craters are found on Mercury, Venus, [2] [3] Earth, Mars, [4] and the Moon. [5]