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Financial modeling is the task of building an abstract representation (a model) of a real world financial situation. [1] This is a mathematical model designed to represent (a simplified version of) the performance of a financial asset or portfolio of a business, project, or any other investment. Typically, then, financial modeling is understood ...
IFPS was an essential financial model-development tool for long range planning and strategic planning, popular business practices in the 1980s. As an "English-like" language, IFPS made it very simple to express relationships among financial concepts without having to worry about sequential logic, as the program would figure out dependencies ...
Financial risk modeling is the use of formal mathematical and econometric techniques to measure, monitor and control the market risk, credit risk, and operational risk on a firm's balance sheet, on a bank's accounting ledger of tradeable financial assets, or of a fund manager's portfolio value; see Financial risk management. Risk modeling is ...
Historical simulation in finance's value at risk (VaR) analysis is a procedure for predicting the value at risk by 'simulating' or constructing the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of assets returns over time assuming that future returns will be directly sampled from past returns.
The general structure of any financial model is standard: (i) input (ii) calculation algorithm (iii) output; see Financial forecast.While the output for a project finance model is more or less uniform, and the calculation is predetermined by accounting rules, the input is highly project-specific.
Computational finance is a branch of applied computer science that deals with problems of practical interest in finance. [1] Some slightly different definitions are the study of data and algorithms currently used in finance [2] and the mathematics of computer programs that realize financial models or systems. [3]
The fundamental theorem of arbitrage-free pricing states that the value of a derivative is equal to the discounted expected value of the derivative payoff where the expectation is taken under the risk-neutral measure [1]. An expectation is, in the language of pure mathematics, simply an integral with respect to the measure.
"Rocket science" in finance is a metaphor for activity carried out by specialised quantitative staff to provide detailed output from mathematical modeling and computational simulations to support investment decisions. Their work depends on use of complex mathematical models implemented in sophisticated IT environments. [1] [2]