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Sex pheromones are a special type of olfactory signal, produced to attract the opposite sex, to encourage mating or to perform some other function closely related to sexual reproduction. While humans are highly dependent upon visual cues, smells can also play a role in sociosexual behaviors .
Male-produced sex attractants have been called aggregation pheromones, because they usually result in the arrival of both sexes at a calling site and increase the density of conspecifics surrounding the pheromone source. Most sex pheromones are produced by the females; only a small percentage of sex attractants are produced by males. [7]
Signal pheromones act as attractants and repellents; they are classified short-term behavioral pheromones. Primer pheromones produce long term changes in human behavior and hormone production. The vomeronasal organ is used to detect the pheromones of others. Pheromones emitted from sweat glands play a role in sexual attraction, sexual repulsion ...
Sex pheromones are pheromones released by an organism to attract an individual of the same species, encourage them to mate with them, or perform some other function closely related with sexual reproduction. Sex pheromones specifically focus on indicating females for breeding, attracting the opposite sex, and conveying information on species ...
Compared to other primates, humans have extensive axillary hair and have many odor producing sources, in particular many apocrine glands. [18] In humans, the apocrine glands have the ability to secrete pheromones. These steroid compounds are produced within the peroxisomes of the apocrine glands by enzymes such as mevalonate kinases. [19]
In humans, sebaceous glands occur in the greatest number on the face and scalp, but also on all parts of the skin except the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. In the eyelids , meibomian glands , also called tarsal glands, are a type of sebaceous gland that secrete a special type of sebum into tears .
Production of allomones is a common form of defense, such as by plant species against insect herbivores or prey species against predators. Sometimes species produce the sex pheromones of the organisms they exploit as prey or pollinators (such as bolas spiders [12] and some orchids [13]). Male sex pheromone of Dacini fruit flies, besides acting ...
Guaiacol is one of the main components of the pheromones that cause locust swarming. [67] Orcinol has been detected in the "toxic glue" of the ant species Camponotus saundersi . [ citation needed ] Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (red palm weevil) use 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol for chemical signaling ( pheromones ). [ 68 ]